Awosile Babafela, Fritzler Jason, Levent Gizem, Rahman Md Kaisar, Ajulo Samuel, Daniel Ian, Tasnim Yamima, Sarkar Sumon
School of Veterinary Medicine, Texas Tech University, Amarillo, TX 79106, USA.
Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine & Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA.
Pathogens. 2023 Jul 11;12(7):929. doi: 10.3390/pathogens12070929.
This study was carried out to determine the antimicrobial resistance (AMR) genes and mobile genetic elements of 16 isolates-with reduced susceptibility to ceftazidime and imipenem-that were recovered from the fecal samples of coyotes and wild hogs from West Texas, USA. Whole-genome sequencing data analyses revealed distinct isolates with a unique sequence type and serotype designation. Among 16 isolates, 4 isolates were multidrug resistant, and 5 isolates harbored at least 1 beta-lactamase gene (, , or ) that confers resistance to beta-lactam antimicrobials. Several isolates carried genes conferring resistance to tetracyclines ((A), (B), and (C)), aminoglycosides (, , , , , and , sulfonamides (, , and ), amphenicol (), trimethoprim ( and ), and macrolide, lincosamide, and streptogramin B (MLSB) agents (, , and ). Nine isolates showed chromosomal mutations in the promoter region G of ampC beta-lactamase gene, while three isolates showed mutations in , , and quinolone resistance-determining regions, which confer resistance to quinolones. We also detected seven incompatibility plasmid groups, with incF being the most common. Different types of virulence genes were detected, including those that enhance bacterial fitness and pathogenicity. One positive isolate (O8:H28) from a wild hog was also a Shiga toxin-producing and was a carrier of the stx2A virulence toxin subtype. We report the detection of , , and beta-lactamase genes in from coyotes for the first time. This study demonstrates the importance of wildlife as reservoirs of important multi-drug-resistant bacteria and provides information for future comparative genomic analysis with the limited literature on antimicrobial resistance dynamics in wildlife such as coyotes.
本研究旨在确定从美国西德克萨斯州郊狼和野猪粪便样本中分离出的16株对头孢他啶和亚胺培南敏感性降低的菌株的抗菌耐药性（AMR）基因和可移动遗传元件。全基因组测序数据分析揭示了具有独特序列类型和血清型命名的不同菌株。在16株菌株中，4株为多重耐药，5株携带至少1种对β-内酰胺类抗菌药物具有耐药性的β-内酰胺酶基因（、或）。几株菌株携带对四环素（（A）、（B）和（C））、氨基糖苷类（、、、、和）、磺胺类（、、和）、氯霉素（）、甲氧苄啶（和）以及大环内酯类、林可酰胺类和链阳菌素B（MLSB）类药物（、、和）具有耐药性的基因。9株菌株在ampCβ-内酰胺酶基因的启动子区域G中显示出染色体突变，而3株菌株在、和喹诺酮耐药决定区域中显示出突变，这些突变赋予了对喹诺酮类药物的耐药性。我们还检测到7个不相容质粒群，其中incF最为常见。检测到不同类型的毒力基因，包括那些增强细菌适应性和致病性的基因。一株来自野猪的阳性菌株（O8:H28）也是产志贺毒素的，并且是stx2A毒力毒素亚型的携带者。我们首次报告了在郊狼的中检测到、和β-内酰胺酶基因。本研究证明了野生动物作为重要多重耐药菌储存库的重要性，并为未来与郊狼等野生动物抗菌耐药动态方面有限文献进行比较基因组分析提供了信息。
