Rodríguez-Lara Avilene, Rueda-Robles Ascensión, Sáez-Lara María José, Plaza-Diaz Julio, Álvarez-Mercado Ana I
Center of Biomedical Research, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology "José Mataix", University of Granada, Avda. del Conocimiento s/n., Armilla, 18016 Granada, Spain.
Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Granada,18071 Granada, Spain.
Pathogens. 2023 Jul 15;12(7):940. doi: 10.3390/pathogens12070940.
It is estimated that 25% of the world's population has non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. This disease can advance to a more severe form, non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), a disease with a greater probability of progression to cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). NASH could be characterized as a necro-inflammatory complication of chronic hepatic steatosis. The combination of factors that lead to NASH and its progression to HCC in the setting of inflammation is not clearly understood. The portal vein is the main route of communication between the intestine and the liver. This allows the transfer of products derived from the intestine to the liver and the hepatic response pathway of bile and antibody secretion to the intestine. The intestinal microbiota performs a fundamental role in the regulation of immune function, but it can undergo changes that alter its functionality. These changes can also contribute to cancer by disrupting the immune system and causing chronic inflammation and immune dysfunction, both of which are implicated in cancer development. In this article, we address the link between inflammation, microbiota and HCC. We also review the different in vitro models, as well as recent clinical trials addressing liver cancer and microbiota.
据估计，全球25%的人口患有非酒精性脂肪性肝病。这种疾病可能会发展为更严重的形式，即非酒精性脂肪性肝炎（NASH），这种疾病更有可能发展为肝硬化和肝细胞癌（HCC）。NASH可被视为慢性肝脂肪变性的坏死性炎症并发症。在炎症背景下，导致NASH及其发展为HCC的多种因素组合尚不清楚。门静脉是肠道与肝脏之间的主要沟通途径。这使得源自肠道的产物能够转移至肝脏，同时肝脏胆汁分泌及抗体分泌的反应途径也能作用于肠道。肠道微生物群在免疫功能调节中发挥着重要作用，但它可能会发生改变，进而影响其功能。这些变化也可能通过破坏免疫系统、引发慢性炎症和免疫功能紊乱而导致癌症，而这两者都与癌症发展有关。在本文中，我们阐述了炎症、微生物群与HCC之间的联系。我们还回顾了不同的体外模型，以及近期针对肝癌与微生物群的临床试验。
