Pectin Nanoparticle-Loaded Soft Coral sp. Extract as Gel Enhances Chronic Wound Healing: , , and Studies.

This study shed light for the first time on the diabetic wound healing potential activity of natural marine soft coral polymeric nanoparticle gel using an excision wound model. A sp. methanol-methylene chloride extract loaded with pectin nanoparticles (LPNs) was created. For the preparation of gel, ion-gelation techniques, the entrapment efficiency, the particle size, the polydispersity index, the zeta potential, the drug release, and a transmission electron microscope were used and the best formula was selected. Using (UPLC-Q/TOF-MS), 27 secondary metabolites responsible for extract biological activity were identified. Isolation and identification of arachidic acid, oleic acid, nervonic acid, and bis-(2-ethylhexyl)-phthalate (DEHP) of sp. was firstly reported here using NMR and mass spectral analyses. Moreover, LPN gel has the best effects on regulating the proinflammatory cytokines (NF-κB, TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β) that were detected on days 7 and 15. The results were confirmed with an enzymatic inhibitory effect of the extract against glycogen synthase kinase (GSK-3) and matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1), with IC values of 0.178 ± 0.009 and 0.258 ± 0.011 µg/mL, respectively. The molecular docking study showed a free binding energy of -9.6 kcal/mol for chabrolosteroid E, with the highest binding affinity for the enzyme (GSK-3), while isogosterone B had -7.8 kcal/mol for the enzyme (MMP-1). A pharmacokinetics study for chabrolohydroxybenzoquinone F and isogosterone B was performed, and it predicted the mode of action of wound healing activity.