Lekshmy Manju, Dhanya Chandrasekharan Rajalekshmi, Smrithi Jayashree SatheeshKumar, Sindhurani Janaki Anandavallyamma, Vandanamthadathil Jiji Joseph, Veettil Jayakrishnan Therthala, Anila Leelamma, Lathakumari Vishnu Sasidharan, Nayar Adhira M, Madhavan Maya
Department of Botany and Biotechnology, St. Xavier's College, Thumba, Thiruvananthapuram 695586, Kerala, India.
Department of Biochemistry, Government College Kariavattom, Thiruvananthapuram 695581, Kerala, India.
Pharmaceuticals (Basel). 2023 Jul 24;16(7):1054. doi: 10.3390/ph16071054.
Breast and gynecologic cancers are significant global threats to women's health and those living with the disease require lifelong physical, financial, and social support from their families, healthcare providers, and society as a whole. Cancer vaccines offer a promising means of inducing long-lasting immune response against the disease. Among various types of cancer vaccines available, peptide vaccines offer an effective strategy to elicit specific anti-tumor immune responses. Peptide vaccines have been developed based on tumor associated antigens (TAAs) and tumor specific neoantigens which can also be of viral origin. Molecular alterations in HER2 and non-HER2 genes are established to be involved in the pathogenesis of female-specific cancers and hence were exploited for the development of peptide vaccines against these diseases, most of which are in the latter stages of clinical trials. However, prophylactic vaccines for viral induced cancers, especially those against Human Papillomavirus (HPV) infection are well established. This review discusses therapeutic and prophylactic approaches for various types of female-specific cancers such as breast cancer and gynecologic cancers with special emphasis on peptide vaccines. We also present a pipeline for the design and evaluation of a multiepitope peptide vaccine that can be active against female-specific cancers.
乳腺癌和妇科癌症是对全球女性健康的重大威胁，患有这些疾病的人需要来自其家庭、医疗保健提供者以及整个社会的终身身体、经济和社会支持。癌症疫苗提供了一种诱导针对该疾病的持久免疫反应的有前景的方法。在现有的各种类型的癌症疫苗中，肽疫苗提供了一种引发特异性抗肿瘤免疫反应的有效策略。肽疫苗是基于肿瘤相关抗原（TAAs）和肿瘤特异性新抗原开发的，这些抗原也可能源于病毒。已确定HER2和非HER2基因的分子改变参与女性特异性癌症的发病机制，因此被用于开发针对这些疾病的肽疫苗，其中大多数处于临床试验的后期阶段。然而，针对病毒诱导的癌症的预防性疫苗，尤其是针对人乳头瘤病毒（HPV）感染的疫苗已经很成熟。本综述讨论了针对各种类型女性特异性癌症（如乳腺癌和妇科癌症）的治疗和预防方法，特别强调肽疫苗。我们还展示了一种可用于设计和评估对女性特异性癌症有效的多表位肽疫苗的流程。
