Morshed Khaled M, Karmokar Debabrata K, Esselle Karu P, Matekovits Ladislau
School of Engineering, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia.
UniSA STEM, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes, Adelaide, SA 5095, Australia.
Sensors (Basel). 2023 Jul 10;23(14):6285. doi: 10.3390/s23146285.
Beam-switching is one of the paramount focuses of 28 GHz millimeter-wave 5G devices. In this paper, a one-dimensional (1D) pattern reconfigurable leaky-wave antenna (LWA) was investigated and developed for wireless terminals. In order to provide a cost-effective solution, a uniform half-width LWA was used. The 1D beam-switching LWA was designed using three feed points at three different positions; by selecting the feeds, the direction of the beam can be switched. The antenna can switch the beam in three different directions along the antenna axis, such as backward, broadside, and forward. The 1D beam-switching antenna was fabricated, and because of the wide beamwidth, the measured radiation patterns can fill 128∘ of space (3 dB coverage), from θ = -64∘ to +64∘ at ϕ = 0∘. Following this, two of these antennas were placed at right angles to each other to achieve two-directional (2D) beam switching. The 2D beam-switching antenna pair was also prototyped and tested after integrating them into the ground plane of a wireless device. The antenna is able to point the beam in five different directions; moreover, its beam covers 167∘ (θ = -89∘ to +78∘) at ϕ = 0∘, and 154∘ (θ = -72∘ to +82∘) at ϕ = 90∘.
波束切换是28GHz毫米波5G设备的首要重点之一。本文针对无线终端研究并开发了一种一维（1D）方向图可重构漏波天线（LWA）。为了提供一种经济高效的解决方案，采用了均匀半宽LWA。一维波束切换LWA通过在三个不同位置设置三个馈电点进行设计；通过选择馈电点，可以切换波束方向。该天线可沿天线轴在三个不同方向切换波束，如向后、侧向和向前。制作了一维波束切换天线，由于波束宽度较宽，在ϕ = 0°时，测量得到的辐射方向图可覆盖128°的空间（3dB覆盖范围），即从θ = -64°到 +64°。在此之后，将其中两个天线相互垂直放置以实现二维（2D）波束切换。将二维波束切换天线对集成到无线设备的接地平面后，也制作了原型并进行了测试。该天线能够将波束指向五个不同方向；此外，在ϕ = 0°时，其波束覆盖167°（θ = -89°到 +78°），在ϕ = 90°时，波束覆盖154°（θ = -72°到 +82°）。
