Kosmopoulos Georgios, Salamalikis Vasileios, Wilbert Stefan, Zarzalejo Luis F, Hanrieder Natalie, Karatzas Stylianos, Kazantzidis Andreas
Laboratory of Atmospheric Physics, Department of Physics, University of Patras, GR 26500 Patras, Greece.
NILU-Norwegian Institute for Air Research, P.O. Box 100, 2027 Kjeller, Norway.
Sensors (Basel). 2023 Jul 20;23(14):6541. doi: 10.3390/s23146541.
Low-cost sensors (LCSs) for particulate matter (PM) concentrations have attracted the interest of researchers, supplementing their efforts to quantify PM in higher spatiotemporal resolution. The precision of PM mass concentration measurements from PMS 5003 sensors has been widely documented, though limited information is available regarding their size selectivity and number concentration measurement accuracy. In this work, PMS 5003 sensors, along with a Federal Referral Methods (FRM) sampler (Grimm spectrometer), were deployed across three sites with different atmospheric profiles, an urban (Germanou) and a background (UPat) site in Patras (Greece), and a semi-arid site in Almería (Spain, PSA). The LCSs particle number concentration measurements were investigated for different size bins. Findings for particles with diameter between 0.3 and 10 μm suggest that particle size significantly affected the LCSs' response. The LCSs could accurately detect number concentrations for particles smaller than 1 μm in the urban (R = 0.9) and background sites (R = 0.92), while a modest correlation was found with the reference instrument in the semi-arid area (R = 0.69). However, their performance was rather poor (R < 0.31) for coarser aerosol fractions at all sites. Moreover, during periods when coarse particles were dominant, i.e., dust events, PMS 5003 sensors were unable to report accurate number distributions (R values < 0.47) and systematically underestimated particle number concentrations. The results indicate that several questions arise concerning the sensors' capabilities to estimate PM and PM concentrations, since their size distribution did not agree with the reference instruments.
用于测量颗粒物（PM）浓度的低成本传感器（LCS）已引起研究人员的兴趣，有助于他们在更高的时空分辨率下对PM进行量化。PMS 5003传感器测量PM质量浓度的精度已有大量记录，但其粒径选择性和数量浓度测量精度的相关信息有限。在这项工作中，PMS 5003传感器与联邦参考方法（FRM）采样器（格林光谱仪）一起，部署在三个具有不同大气特征的地点，分别是希腊帕特雷的一个城市站点（Germanou）和一个背景站点（UPat），以及西班牙阿尔梅里亚的一个半干旱站点（PSA）。针对不同粒径区间对LCS的颗粒数浓度测量进行了研究。直径在0.3至10μm之间的颗粒的研究结果表明，粒径对LCS的响应有显著影响。在城市站点（R = 0.9）和背景站点（R = 0.92），LCS能够准确检测小于1μm的颗粒的数浓度，而在半干旱地区与参考仪器的相关性一般（R = 0.69）。然而，在所有站点，对于较粗的气溶胶组分，其性能相当差（R < 0.31）。此外，在粗颗粒占主导的时期，即沙尘事件期间，PMS 5003传感器无法报告准确的数分布（R值< 0.47），并系统性地低估颗粒数浓度。结果表明，由于其粒径分布与参考仪器不一致，关于传感器估算PM和PM浓度的能力存在一些问题。
