Student Research Committee, Jahrom University of Medical Sciences, Jahrom, Iran; Zoonoses Research Center, Jahrom University of Medical Sciences, Jahrom, Iran; These authors contributed equally to this work. E-mail:
Zoonoses Research Center, Jahrom University of Medical Sciences, Jahrom, Iran.
J Water Health. 2023 Jul;21(7):895-914. doi: 10.2166/wh.2023.042.
Water and food sources play a major role in the distribution and transfer of microsporidia infection to animals and humans. So, this systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to assess the status and genetic diversity of microsporidia infection in water, vegetables, fruits, milk, cheese, and meat. The standard protocol of Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines was followed. Scopus, PubMed, Web of Science, and Google Scholar were searched from 1 January 2000 and 1 February 2023. The point estimates and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated using a random-effects model. Of the 1,308 retrieved studies, 35 articles were included in the final meta-analysis. The pooled prevalence of microsporidia infection in mixed water, mixed fruits, mixed vegetables, and milk was 43.3% (95% CI, 33-54.2%; I, 94.86%), 35.8% (95% CI, 5.3-84.8%; I, 0), 12% (95% CI, 4.9-26.6%; I, 96.43%), and 5.8% (95% CI, 2.7-12%; I, 83.72%), respectively. Considering the genotypes, microsporidia with genotype D in water sources and genotype CD6 in vegetables/fruits were the highest reported genotypes. Given the relatively high prevalence of microsporidiosis (especially in water sources), designing strategies for control, and prevention of microsporidia infection in these sources should be recommended.
水和食物来源在微孢子虫感染向动物和人类的传播和转移中起着重要作用。因此，本系统评价和荟萃分析旨在评估水、蔬菜、水果、牛奶、奶酪和肉类中微孢子虫感染的现状和遗传多样性。遵循了系统评价和荟萃分析的首选报告项目（PRISMA）指南的标准协议。从 2000 年 1 月 1 日到 2023 年 2 月 1 日，检索了 Scopus、PubMed、Web of Science 和 Google Scholar。使用随机效应模型计算了点估计值和 95%置信区间（CI）。在检索到的 1308 项研究中，有 35 项研究纳入了最终的荟萃分析。混合水中、混合水果、混合蔬菜和牛奶中微孢子虫感染的总患病率分别为 43.3%（95%CI，33-54.2%；I，94.86%）、35.8%（95%CI，5.3-84.8%；I，0）、12%（95%CI，4.9-26.6%；I，96.43%）和 5.8%（95%CI，2.7-12%；I，83.72%）。考虑到基因型，水源中基因型 D 和蔬菜/水果中基因型 CD6 的微孢子虫是报告率最高的基因型。鉴于微孢子虫病的相对较高患病率（尤其是在水源中），建议制定控制和预防这些来源中微孢子虫感染的策略。
