Jia Wei, Li Yitao, Cheung Kenneth C P, Zheng Xiaojiao
School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China.
Center for Translational Medicine and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200233, China.
Sci China Life Sci. 2024 May;67(5):865-878. doi: 10.1007/s11427-023-2353-0. Epub 2023 Jul 27.
Bile acids (BAs) play a crucial role in nutrient absorption and act as key regulators of lipid and glucose metabolism and immune homeostasis. Through the enterohepatic circulation, BAs are synthesized, metabolized, and reabsorbed, with a portion entering the vascular circulation and distributing systemically. This allows BAs to interact with receptors in all major organs, leading to organ-organ interactions that regulate both local and global metabolic processes, as well as the immune system. This review focuses on the whole-body effects of BA-mediated metabolic and immunological regulation, including in the brain, heart, liver, intestine, eyes, skin, adipose tissue, and muscle. Targeting BA synthesis and receptor signaling is a promising strategy for the development of novel therapies for various diseases throughout the body.
胆汁酸（BAs）在营养物质吸收中起关键作用，并作为脂质和葡萄糖代谢以及免疫稳态的关键调节因子。通过肠肝循环，胆汁酸被合成、代谢和重吸收，一部分进入血管循环并全身分布。这使得胆汁酸能够与所有主要器官中的受体相互作用，导致器官间相互作用，从而调节局部和整体代谢过程以及免疫系统。本综述重点关注胆汁酸介导的代谢和免疫调节的全身效应，包括在大脑、心脏、肝脏、肠道、眼睛、皮肤、脂肪组织和肌肉中的效应。靶向胆汁酸合成和受体信号传导是开发针对全身各种疾病的新型疗法的有前景的策略。
