Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic & Developmental Sciences, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.
SINOPEC Dalian Research Institute of Petroleum and Petrochemicals Co., Ltd., Dalian 116045, China.
Biotechnol Adv. 2023 Nov;68:108222. doi: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2023.108222. Epub 2023 Jul 27.
Traditional plastic products have caused serious environmental pollution due to difficulty to be degraded in the natural environment. In the recent years, biodegradable plastics are receiving increasing attention due to advantages in natural degradability and environmental friendliness. Biodegradable plastics have potential to be used in food, agriculture, industry, medicine and other fields. However, the high production cost of such plastics is the bottleneck that limits their commercialization and application. Yeasts, including budding yeast and non-conventional yeasts, are widely studied to produce biodegradable plastics and their organic acid monomers. Compared to bacteria, yeast strains are more tolerable to multiple stress conditions including low pH and high temperature, and also have other advantages such as generally regarded as safe, and no phage infection. In addition, synthetic biology and metabolic engineering of yeast have enabled its rapid and efficient engineering for bioproduction using various renewable feedstocks, especially lignocellulosic biomass. This review focuses on the recent progress in biosynthesis technology and strategies of monomeric organic acids for biodegradable polymers, including polylactic acid (PLA), polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA), polybutylene succinate (PBS), and polybutylene adipate terephthalate (PBAT) using yeast cell factories. Improving the performance of yeast as a cell factory and strategies to improve yeast acid stress tolerance are also discussed. In addition, the critical challenges and future prospects for the production of biodegradable plastic monomer using yeast are also discussed.
传统塑料制品由于在自然环境中难以降解，造成了严重的环境污染。近年来，由于具有天然可降解性和环境友好性等优点，可生物降解塑料受到越来越多的关注。可生物降解塑料具有在食品、农业、工业、医药等领域应用的潜力。然而，这类塑料生产成本高，是限制其商业化和应用的瓶颈。酵母，包括出芽酵母和非常规酵母，被广泛研究用于生产可生物降解塑料及其有机酸单体。与细菌相比，酵母菌株更能耐受包括低 pH 值和高温在内的多种胁迫条件，并且还具有其他优点，如一般认为安全，没有噬菌体感染。此外，酵母的合成生物学和代谢工程使其能够利用各种可再生原料，特别是木质纤维素生物质，快速有效地进行生物生产。本综述重点介绍了使用酵母细胞工厂合成可生物降解聚合物（包括聚乳酸（PLA）、聚羟基烷酸酯（PHA）、聚丁二酸丁二醇酯（PBS）和聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯（PBAT））的单体有机酸的生物合成技术和策略的最新进展。还讨论了提高酵母作为细胞工厂的性能和提高酵母耐酸胁迫能力的策略。此外，还讨论了使用酵母生产可生物降解塑料单体的关键挑战和未来前景。
