Zhang Ruiyuan, Zhu Yifan, Zeng Duwen, Wei Shihao, Fan Yachao, Liao Sha, Zhao Xinqing, Zhang Fengli, Zhang Lin
State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.
SINOPEC Dalian Research Institute of Petroleum and Petrochemicals Co., Ltd., Dalian 116045, Liaoning, China.
Sheng Wu Gong Cheng Xue Bao. 2023 Jun 25;39(6):2231-2247. doi: 10.13345/j.cjb.230041.
Organic acids are organic compounds that can be synthesized using biological systems. They often contain one or more low molecular weight acidic groups, such as carboxyl group and sulphonic group. Organic acids are widely used in food, agriculture, medicine, bio-based materials industry and other fields. Yeast has unique advantages of biosafety, strong stress resistance, wide substrate spectrum, convenient genetic transformation, and mature large-scale culture technology. Therefore, it is appealing to produce organic acids by yeast. However, challenges such as low concentration, many by-products and low fermentation efficiency still exist. With the development of yeast metabolic engineering and synthetic biology technology, rapid progress has been made in this field recently. Here we summarize the progress of biosynthesis of 11 organic acids by yeast. These organic acids include bulk carboxylic acids and high-value organic acids that can be produced naturally or heterologously. Finally, future prospects in this field were proposed.
有机酸是可以利用生物系统合成的有机化合物。它们通常含有一个或多个低分子量酸性基团，如羧基和磺酸基。有机酸广泛应用于食品、农业、医药、生物基材料工业等领域。酵母具有生物安全性高、抗逆性强、底物谱广、遗传转化方便以及大规模培养技术成熟等独特优势。因此，利用酵母生产有机酸具有吸引力。然而，仍然存在诸如浓度低、副产物多和发酵效率低等挑战。随着酵母代谢工程和合成生物学技术的发展，该领域近年来取得了快速进展。在此，我们总结了酵母合成11种有机酸的进展。这些有机酸包括可以天然或异源生产的大宗羧酸和高价值有机酸。最后，提出了该领域的未来前景。
