School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengdu University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China (mainland).
IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, Spain.
Med Sci Monit. 2023 Jul 30;29:e939972. doi: 10.12659/MSM.939972.
Bone defects and dysfunctions are prevalent among patients, resulting from various causes such as trauma, tumors, congenital malformations, inflammation, and infection. The demand for bone defect repair materials is second only to blood transfusions. Artificial bone composites offer numerous advantages for bone damage repair, including their availability, absence of rejection or immune reactions, high malleability, exceptional mechanical strength, and outstanding biocompatibility. However, bacterial infections frequently occur during bone transplantation or on graft material structures, leading to severe complications such as osteomyelitis and osteoporosis. Moreover, existing osteogenic materials alone are inadequate to address the challenges posed by traumatic infections, presenting a significant hurdle for clinicians in reconstructing infectious bone defects. Consequently, it is crucial to functionalize artificial bone composites to facilitate effective bone repair and regeneration. Notably, antibacterial capabilities play a critical role in preventing and treating infectious bone defects, and current research is focusing on the interface between artificial bone composites and antibacterial treatments. This article provides an extensive review of the current state of artificial composite bone scaffolds with antibacterial properties for infection prevention in bone grafting.
骨缺损和功能障碍在患者中很常见，其原因有多种，包括创伤、肿瘤、先天畸形、炎症和感染。对骨缺损修复材料的需求仅次于输血。人工骨复合材料在骨损伤修复方面具有许多优势，包括可用性、无排斥或免疫反应、高可塑性、优异的机械强度和出色的生物相容性。然而，骨移植或移植物结构上经常发生细菌感染，导致骨髓炎和骨质疏松等严重并发症。此外，现有的成骨材料本身不足以应对创伤感染带来的挑战，这给临床医生重建感染性骨缺损带来了重大障碍。因此，对人工骨复合材料进行功能化以促进有效的骨修复和再生至关重要。值得注意的是，抗菌能力在预防和治疗感染性骨缺损方面起着关键作用，目前的研究重点是人工骨复合材料与抗菌处理的界面。本文对具有抗菌性能的用于预防骨移植感染的人工复合骨支架的现状进行了广泛的综述。
