Wang Yan, Zhao Xinlin, Omidvar Negar, Liu Mengting, Zou Dongsheng, Zhang Manyun
College of Environment and Ecology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China.
Institute of Bast Fiber Crops, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha, 410205, China.
J Environ Manage. 2023 Nov 1;345:118687. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.118687. Epub 2023 Jul 28.
Fungicides and nitrogen (N) fertilizers are essential to maintain plant yield in current intensive agriculture. Percarbamide is a novel type of N fertilizer with strong oxidizing property, and the nitrification inhibitor is widely used in agricultural production. It may be feasible to apply percarbamide and nitrification inhibitor as N management to promote fungicide dissipations in soil-plant system. This study quantified the effects of percarbamide and nitrification inhibitor dicyandiamide (DCD) and 3, 4-dimethylpyrazole phosphate (DMPP) on carbendazim residues, and microbial communities of soil-plant systems, and relationships among carbendazim residues, soil and endophytic microbial communities and plant yields were also comprehensively quantified. Compared with the control, the percarbamide significantly reduced soil carbendazim residues by 29.4% but enhanced the lettuce yield by 28.0%. Soil carbendazim residues were significantly and negatively correlated with the soil total N and NO-N contents. Soil microbial community structures and co-occurrence networks were more sensitive to N management than their endophytic counterparts. In comparison to the percarbamide alone, the DCD significantly increased the nodes of soil fungal community co-occurrence network which were positively correlated with the plant yield. The DCD outweighed DMPP in increasing the lettuce yield and soil fungal community stability and reshaping soil bacterial community structure. Our study suggested that soil microbial communities were more sensitive to percarbamide and nitrification inhibitor applications than their endophytic counterparts under fungicide pressure and that the DCD outweighed DMPP in reshaping microbial communities. The integrated applications of percarbamide and nitrification inhibitors were promising soil N management strategies to promote fungicide removal and stimulate microbial community in the soil-plant systems.
在当前的集约农业中，杀菌剂和氮肥对于维持作物产量至关重要。过碳酰胺是一种具有强氧化性的新型氮肥，作为硝化抑制剂被广泛应用于农业生产。将过碳酰胺和硝化抑制剂作为氮管理措施以促进杀菌剂在土壤 - 植物系统中的消散可能是可行的。本研究量化了过碳酰胺以及硝化抑制剂双氰胺（DCD）和3,4 - 二甲基吡唑磷酸盐（DMPP）对多菌灵残留量以及土壤 - 植物系统微生物群落的影响，并且全面量化了多菌灵残留量、土壤和内生微生物群落与作物产量之间的关系。与对照相比，过碳酰胺显著降低了土壤中多菌灵残留量29.4%，但使生菜产量提高了28.0%。土壤中多菌灵残留量与土壤全氮和硝态氮含量显著负相关。土壤微生物群落结构和共现网络比其内生对应物对氮管理更为敏感。与单独使用过碳酰胺相比，DCD显著增加了与作物产量呈正相关的土壤真菌群落共现网络的节点数。在提高生菜产量、土壤真菌群落稳定性和重塑土壤细菌群落结构方面，DCD的效果优于DMPP。我们的研究表明，在杀菌剂压力下，土壤微生物群落比其内生对应物对过碳酰胺和硝化抑制剂的应用更为敏感，并且在重塑微生物群落方面，DCD的效果优于DMPP。过碳酰胺和硝化抑制剂的综合应用是促进杀菌剂去除和刺激土壤 - 植物系统中微生物群落的有前景的土壤氮管理策略。
