Faculty of Agriculture, Shizuoka University.
Research Institute for Mushroom Science, Shizuoka University.
Proc Jpn Acad Ser B Phys Biol Sci. 2023;99(7):191-197. doi: 10.2183/pjab.99.012.
The mushroom, Pleurocybella porrigens, is widely consumed in Japan; however, in autumn 2004, acute encephalopathy due to ingestion of the mushroom in a large group of patients was reported in Japan. We have continued working on the mushroom to clarify the mechanisms underlying the acute encephalopathy that occurred due to its consumption. The data collected to date have shown that three compounds, pleurocybelline (PC), a Pleurocybella porrigens lectin (PPL), and pleurocybellaziridine (PA), in the mushroom are potentially responsible for the onset of the disease; PC that exhibit lethal activity in mice and PPL formed a complex, and the complex of the two components exhibited proteolytic activity and disrupted the blood-brain barrier. Although PA was not isolated directly from the mushroom, the existence of this compound in the mushroom was predicted. The compound was chemically synthesized and its endogeneity in the mushroom was demonstrated. Furthermore, PA exhibited toxicity to oligodendrocytes.
双孢蘑菇在日本被广泛食用；然而，在 2004 年秋，在大量食用该蘑菇的患者中报告了因摄入该蘑菇而导致的急性脑病。我们一直在研究这种蘑菇，以阐明其食用后发生急性脑病的机制。迄今为止收集的数据表明，蘑菇中的三种化合物——双孢蘑菇嘌呤（PC）、双孢蘑菇凝集素（PPL）和双孢蘑菇嗪（PA）可能是导致疾病发生的原因；PC 在小鼠中表现出致死活性，PPL 形成复合物，这两种成分的复合物表现出蛋白水解活性并破坏血脑屏障。虽然 PA 没有直接从蘑菇中分离出来，但预测该化合物存在于蘑菇中。该化合物已被化学合成，并证明其在蘑菇中的内源性。此外，PA 对少突胶质细胞表现出毒性。
