Tuğcan Mustafa Oğuz, Akpınar Ayça Açıkalın
Department of Emergency Medicine, Seyhan State Hospital, Adana, Türkiye.
Department of Emergency Medicine, Çukurova University School of Medicine, Adana, Türkiye.
Turk J Emerg Med. 2025 Jan 2;25(1):10-16. doi: 10.4103/tjem.tjem_129_24. eCollection 2025 Jan-Mar.
Mushrooms have been consumed frequently worldwide since ancient times. In addition to edible and harmless species, there are also poisonous species that cause a wide range of clinical syndromes, from simple gastrointestinal (GI) irritation to death. However, it is not possible to distinguish the poisonous species from some edible species morphologically. Therefore, the unintentional consumption of mushrooms is an important public health problem. Mushrooms can be categorized according to their toxins, such as cyclopeptides, gyromitrin, muscarine, coprine, orellanine, psilocybin, and GI irritants. Mushrooms containing cyclopeptide-amatoxin are responsible for more than 90% of deaths due to mushroom poisoning. is responsible for many fatal cases because of the toxicity of this species. This article reviews the clinical syndromes that may develop after the consumption of various poisonous mushroom species, the mechanisms of action of their toxins, and the current treatments applied.
自古以来，蘑菇就在全球范围内被频繁食用。除了可食用且无害的品种外，还有一些有毒品种会引发从简单的胃肠道刺激到死亡等一系列临床综合征。然而，从形态上无法区分某些有毒品种和可食用品种。因此，误食蘑菇是一个重要的公共卫生问题。蘑菇可根据其毒素进行分类，如环肽、鹿花菌素、毒蝇碱、鬼伞素、奥来毒素、裸盖菇素和胃肠道刺激物。含有环肽 - 鹅膏毒素的蘑菇导致了超过90%的蘑菇中毒死亡病例。由于该物种的毒性，导致了许多致命病例。本文综述了食用各种有毒蘑菇品种后可能出现的临床综合征、其毒素的作用机制以及目前应用的治疗方法。
