Department of Convergent Research of Emerging Virus Infection, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Daejeon 34114, Republic of Korea.
J Microbiol Biotechnol. 2023 Aug 28;33(8):981-991. doi: 10.4014/jmb.2306.06033. Epub 2023 Jul 25.
Monkeypox (Mpox) virus, a member of the family, causes a severe illness similar to smallpox, which is characterized by symptoms such as high fever, rash, and pustules. Human-to-human transmission cases have been reported but remained low since the first recorded case of human infection occurred in the Congo in 1970. Recently, Mpox has re-emerged, leading to an alarming surge in infections worldwide since 2022, originating in the United Kingdom. Consequently, the World Health Organization (WHO) officially declared the '2022-23 Mpox outbreak'. Currently, no specific therapy or vaccine is available for Mpox. Therefore, patients infected with Mpox are treated using conventional therapies developed for smallpox. However, the vaccines developed for smallpox have demonstrated only partial efficacy against Mpox, allowing viral transmission among humans. In this review, we discuss the current epidemiology of the ongoing Mpox outbreak and provide an update on the progress made in diagnosis, treatment, and development of vaccines for Mpox.
猴痘（Mpox）病毒，属于正痘病毒科，会引起类似于天花的严重疾病，其特征症状包括高热、皮疹和脓疱。自 1970 年刚果首次记录到人类感染病例以来，虽有人类之间传播的病例报告，但数量一直较少。最近，猴痘再次出现，自 2022 年以来，全球感染病例急剧上升，起源于英国。因此，世界卫生组织（WHO）正式宣布“2022-23 年猴痘疫情”。目前，尚无针对猴痘的特效疗法或疫苗。因此，感染猴痘的患者采用为治疗天花而开发的常规疗法。然而，为天花开发的疫苗对猴痘的疗效仅部分有效，导致病毒在人与人之间传播。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了正在进行的猴痘疫情的当前流行病学，并提供了对猴痘诊断、治疗和疫苗开发方面的最新进展的更新。
