Haelewijn Nicolas, Peters Dickie Jean-Louis, Staes Filip, Vereecke Evie, Deschamps Kevin
Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Musculoskeletal Rehabilitation Research Group, KU Leuven, Spoorwegstraat 12, 8200 Brugge, Belgium.
Neuromusculoskeletal Lab (NMSK), Secteur des Sciences de la Santé, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium.
Heliyon. 2023 Jul 17;9(8):e18252. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e18252. eCollection 2023 Aug.
Ultrasonography can discriminate between intrinsic and extrinsic foot muscle properties and has therefore gained considerable popularity as an indirect strength evaluation. However, an overview on the use of ultrasound for assessing intrinsic foot musculature (IFM) is currently lacking.
What is the current evidence regarding (1) 2D ultrasonography protocols and its reliability? (2) Reference values for cross-sectional area and dorso-plantar thickness evaluation in asymptomatic and symptomatic persons?
The PRISMA guidelines were used to conduct this systematic review. Eight databases (PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, Scopus, CINAHL, SPORTDiscus and EuropePMC) were searched up to November 1, 2021. Studies reporting quantitative 2D ultrasound findings of the intrinsic foot muscles with no limitation to sex, BMI, ethnicity or physical activity were included. Studies were assessed for methodological quality using the Downs and Black checklist.
Fifty-three studies were retained. Protocols showed an overall good to great reliability, suggesting limits of agreement between 8 and 30% of relative muscle size with minimal detectable changes varying from 0.10 to 0.29 cm for cross-sectional area and 0.03-0.23 cm for thickness. Reference values are proposed for both cross-sectional area and thickness measurements of the abductor hallucis, flexor digitorum brevis, flexor hallucis brevis and quadratus plantae in asymptomatic persons. This could not be performed in the symptomatic studies due to a limited number of relevant studies addressing the symptomatic population, therefore a clinical overview is outlined. Clinically, IFM properties have been studied in ten distinct pathological conditions, predominantly pointing towards decreased muscle properties of the abductor hallucis.
We provide a clear and comprehensive overview of the literature regarding 2D ultrasonography of the IFM, making the available evidence more accessible to decision makers and researchers.
超声检查能够区分足部固有肌和外在肌的特性，因此作为一种间接的力量评估方法已颇受欢迎。然而，目前缺乏关于超声用于评估足部固有肌（IFM）的综述。
关于（1）二维超声检查方案及其可靠性，（2）无症状和有症状人群的横截面积和背-跖厚度评估的参考值，当前有哪些证据？
采用PRISMA指南进行这项系统评价。检索了截至2021年11月1日的八个数据库（PubMed、Embase、Web of Science、Cochrane图书馆、Scopus、CINAHL、SPORTDiscus和EuropePMC）。纳入报告足部固有肌二维超声定量结果的研究，不受性别、体重指数、种族或身体活动的限制。使用唐斯和布莱克清单评估研究的方法学质量。
保留了53项研究。方案显示总体可靠性良好至极优，表明相对肌肉大小的一致性界限在8%至30%之间，横截面积的最小可检测变化为0.10至0.29厘米，厚度为0.03至0.23厘米。提出了无症状人群拇展肌、趾短屈肌、拇短屈肌和跖方肌横截面积和厚度测量的参考值。由于针对有症状人群的相关研究数量有限，在有症状的研究中无法进行此项操作，因此概述了临床概况。临床上，已在十种不同的病理状况下研究了IFM特性，主要指向拇展肌的肌肉特性下降。
我们提供了关于IFM二维超声检查文献的清晰而全面的综述，使决策者和研究人员更容易获取现有证据。
