1G.S. Davtyan Institute of Hydroponics Problems NAS RA, Yerevan, Armenia.
2Orbeli Institute of Physiology NAS RA, Neuroendocrine Relationships Lab, Yerevan, Armenia.
Georgian Med News. 2023 Jun(339):71-76.
Hydroponics offers a viable solution for obtaining plant products that are rich in micronutrients and ultramicronutrients, such as selenium. Selenium plays a crucial role in strengthening the body's immune defense and acts as a potent antioxidant. Low levels of selenium have been associated with an increased risk of heart attacks, strokes, and cancer. Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni (SrB), a relatively new crop in plant cultivation, was the focus of the present study. SrB has numerous medicinal and prophylactic properties, and its leaves are rich in macro- and microelements, vitamins, and diterpene glycosides. These diterpene glycosides, when extracted from the plant material, exhibit a sweetness that is 200-300 times greater than that of sugar. The study aimed to investigate the effects of exogenous application of varying amounts of selenium to the nutrient solution and foliar feeding of SrB plants with a selenium aqueous solution. The productivity of SrB and selenium accumulation in the leaves were assessed under both hydroponic and soil cultivation conditions in the Ararat Valley. Comparative analyses were also conducted on biometric and biochemical indicators, as well as the productivity of SrB cultivated using different fillers, including black volcanic slag, red volcanic slag, and gravel, in hydroponic and soil environments. The findings of this research hold practical significance as they serve as a foundation for the development of biotechnological approaches to enhance selenium enrichment in various crops. By applying these strategies, crop cultivation methods can be improved, and the selenium content in plant products can be enhanced. This optimization of crop production techniques can increase the nutritional value and potential health benefits of selenium-enriched plant products.
水培为获取富含微量元素和超微量元素（如硒）的植物产品提供了可行的解决方案。硒在增强人体免疫防御能力和充当强大抗氧化剂方面发挥着关键作用。低水平的硒与心脏病发作、中风和癌症风险增加有关。甜叶菊（SrB）是植物栽培中一种相对较新的作物，是本研究的重点。SrB 具有许多药用和预防特性，其叶子富含宏量和微量元素、维生素和二萜糖苷。这些二萜糖苷从植物材料中提取出来后，甜度是糖的 200-300 倍。该研究旨在研究向营养液中施加不同量的硒和 SrB 植物叶面喷施硒水溶液对 SrB 的影响。在阿拉拉特山谷的水培和土壤栽培条件下评估 SrB 的生产力和硒在叶子中的积累。还对生物计量和生化指标以及使用不同填充物（包括黑色火山渣、红色火山渣和砾石）在水培和土壤环境中种植 SrB 的生产力进行了比较分析。这项研究的结果具有实际意义，因为它们为开发生物技术方法增强各种作物中的硒富集提供了基础。通过应用这些策略，可以改进作物栽培方法，提高植物产品中的硒含量。这种优化的作物生产技术可以提高富硒植物产品的营养价值和潜在的健康益处。
