Rojas-Velázquez Ángel N, Guillén-Castillo Oscar I, Alcalá-Jauregui Jorge A, Loredo-Osti Catarina, Ramírez-Tobías Hugo M, Romero-Méndez Mauricio J, Méndez-Cortés Heriberto, Hernández-Montoya Alejandra
Faculty of Agronomy and Veterinary Medicine, Autonomous University of San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí, Mexico.
Discov Nano. 2023 Jul 31;18(1):98. doi: 10.1186/s11671-023-03874-w.
Nanofertilizers could promote nutrient efficiency with slow release compared to conventional fertilizers (CF). Most of the applied nitrogen is lost on the soil by leaching, due to the rapid release behavior of CF. Clays can function as a nanosized porous structure to retain and slowly release nutrients. The objective of this study was to evaluate a nitrogenous nanocomposite (NCN) and its effect on leaching and N content of lettuce (Lactuca sativa). The treatments applied were: 100% conventional fertilizer, 100% nitrogenous nanocomposite and the mixture in percentage of CF/NCN 25/75, 50/50, 75/25 and 25/0, 50/0 75/0% on columns of soil with lettuce for 45 days. Leachates at the end of the cycle increased in treatments with NCN. Treatments with NCN have higher N content in the leaf. In regard to biomass growth, leaf area, leaf N, drained variables, electrical conductivity and NO content, it was possible to show that the doses of 50 and 75% of NCN match the characteristics of the crop compared to the control, which allows us to use lower doses than those recommended with CFs.
与传统肥料（CF）相比，纳米肥料能够通过缓慢释放来提高养分效率。由于传统肥料的快速释放特性，大部分施用的氮素会通过淋溶作用流失在土壤中。黏土可以作为一种纳米级多孔结构来保留并缓慢释放养分。本研究的目的是评估一种含氮纳米复合材料（NCN）及其对生菜（Lactuca sativa）淋溶和氮含量的影响。所采用的处理方式为：在种植生菜的土柱上，分别施用100%传统肥料、100%含氮纳米复合材料以及CF/NCN比例为25/75、50/50、75/25和25/0、50/0、75/0%的混合物，持续45天。在周期结束时，含氮纳米复合材料处理的渗滤液有所增加。含氮纳米复合材料处理的叶片中氮含量更高。在生物量增长、叶面积、叶片氮含量、排水变量、电导率和硝酸盐含量方面，可以表明，与对照相比，50%和75%剂量的含氮纳米复合材料符合作物的特性，这使我们能够使用比传统肥料推荐剂量更低的剂量。
