健康、社会和牙科专业人员在儿童保健中参与扩展家访项目的体验：瑞典的一项定性访谈研究。
Health, social, and dental professionals' experiences of working within an extended home-visit program in the child healthcare: a qualitative interview study in Sweden.
机构信息
Department of Care Science, Malmö University, Malmö, Sweden.
Department of Social Work, Malmö University, Malmö, Sweden.
出版信息
BMC Health Serv Res. 2023 Jul 31;23(1):820. doi: 10.1186/s12913-023-09791-z.
BACKGROUND
The goal of the Swedish child healthcare system is to reach all children with health-promotive actions and to create equal health opportunities for all children. In that context, an extended home-visit program - called Grow Safely - for first-time parents, with an interprofessional collaboration between child healthcare nurses, midwives, social workers, and dental assistants, was initiated. The current study aims at illuminating and evaluating the health, social, and dental professionals' experiences of working within this program and how such collaboration could benefit the professions.
METHODS
A qualitative method was chosen, and 13 interviews were carried out with professionals working within child healthcare centers that participated in an extended home-visit program in the southernmost part of Sweden. The interviews were analyzed via Burnard's approach to content analysis.
RESULTS
The results showed that it was satisfying for the health, social, and dental professionals to work with the home-visit program and that they encountered positive feelings among the parents receiving it. The creation of deep conversations and parents opening up about feelings that could otherwise be shameful to express, was a positive aspect of the home visits. A negative aspect was the difficulty of handling the (sometimes necessary) interpretation over the phone during the visits, and another one was the fact that the visits were time-consuming and required logistical planning. Overall, the professionals were positive about the home-visit program in that they felt that they were able to give the families what they needed and to have discussions on sensitive issues. They also appreciated the fact that different professions collaborated in order to reach the same goal.
CONCLUSIONS
This study showed that the health, social, and dental professionals enjoyed working with the home-visit program and that they encountered positive feelings among the parents regarding the collaborative visits being conducted within the home, where the families felt safe and relaxed. The professionals expressed that the home visits, despite the extended time they required and the logistical challenges involved, created a deeper collaboration between the professionals.
背景
瑞典儿童保健系统的目标是通过健康促进行动覆盖所有儿童，并为所有儿童创造平等的健康机会。在此背景下，启动了一项针对首次为人父母者的扩展家访计划，称为“安全成长”（Grow Safely），该计划由儿童保健护士、助产士、社会工作者和牙科助理等跨专业团队合作开展。本研究旨在阐明和评估卫生、社会和牙科专业人员在该计划中的工作经验，以及这种合作如何使各专业受益。
方法
选择了定性方法，对参与瑞典最南部扩展家访计划的儿童保健中心的 13 名专业人员进行了访谈。使用 Burnard 的内容分析方法对访谈进行了分析。
结果
结果表明，卫生、社会和牙科专业人员对家访计划的工作感到满意，并且他们感受到接受家访的父母的积极反馈。与父母进行深入的对话，以及让父母敞开心扉表达那些可能令人感到羞耻而不愿表达的感受，是家访的积极方面。家访的一个负面方面是在访问过程中通过电话进行（有时是必要的）口译的困难，另一个负面方面是家访耗时且需要后勤规划。总体而言，专业人员对家访计划持积极态度，因为他们觉得自己能够为家庭提供所需的帮助，并就敏感问题进行讨论。他们还赞赏不同专业合作以实现共同目标的事实。
结论
本研究表明，卫生、社会和牙科专业人员喜欢参与家访计划，并且他们在家庭访视中感受到了父母的积极反馈，因为这种访视是在家庭中进行的，家庭感到安全和放松。专业人员表示，尽管家访需要更多时间且涉及后勤挑战，但它促进了专业人员之间更深入的合作。
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