相信阴谋论是否属于病态？
Is it pathological to believe conspiracy theories?
作者信息
Bortolotti Lisa
机构信息
Philosophy Department and Institute for Mental Health, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, UK.
出版信息
Transcult Psychiatry. 2024 Oct;61(5):749-755. doi: 10.1177/13634615231187243. Epub 2023 Aug 1.
Abstract
According to a naturalist conception of what counts as a disorder, conspiracy beliefs are pathological beliefs if they are the outcome of a cognitive dysfunction. In this article, I take issue with the view that it is pathological to believe a conspiracy theory. After reviewing several approaches to the aetiology of conspiracy beliefs, I find that no approach compels us to view conspiracy beliefs as the outcome of a dysfunction: a speaker's conspiracy beliefs can appear as implausible and unshakeable to an interpreter, but in a naturalist framework it is not pathological for the speaker to adopt and maintain such beliefs.
摘要
根据一种关于什么算作精神障碍的自然主义观念，如果阴谋论信念是认知功能障碍的结果，那么它们就是病态信念。在本文中，我对认为相信阴谋论是病态的这一观点提出质疑。在审视了几种关于阴谋论信念病因的研究方法后，我发现没有一种方法迫使我们将阴谋论信念视为功能障碍的结果：对于一个解释者而言，说话者的阴谋论信念可能显得难以置信且不可动摇，但在自然主义框架下，说话者持有并维持这样的信念并非病态。
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