Chen Shaozhan, Guo Qiaozhen, Zhou Tianhui, Liu Liping
Beijing Key Laboratory of Diagnostic and Traceability Technologies for Food Poisoning, Beijing Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Beijing, 100013, China.
School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China.
Biol Trace Elem Res. 2024 Apr;202(4):1802-1815. doi: 10.1007/s12011-023-03779-w. Epub 2023 Aug 1.
Chromium (Cr), total arsenic (As), inorganic arsenic (iAs), cadmium (Cd), mercury (Hg), methylmercury (MeHg), and lead (Pb) were analyzed in in Agaricus blazei, Tricholoma matsutake, Pholiota nameko, agrocybe aegirit, Boletus edulis, Auricularia auricula, and Lentinus edodes collected from online supermarket in China from 2015 to 2017. The order of mean concentrations for the five heavy metals in edible mushrooms was As > Cd > Cr > Pb > Hg. No positive correlation was found between total As and iAs, nor between total Hg and MeHg. The contents of iAs were at a low level except for A. blazei samples. The contents of MeHg were at a low level in all test mushroom samples. And Cr, Cd, and Pb pollution were common problems in the test mushroom samples. The comprehensive factor pollution index was between 0.569 (A. auricula) and 3.056 (B. edulis). The THQ values for the five heavy metals from P. nameko, A. auricula, A. aegirit, and L. edodes samples were less than 1. The hazard index (HI) values of A. blazei, T. matsutake, and B. edulis samples for adults and children were greater than 1, indicating significant health hazard to the adults and children consumers. The cancer risk (CR) values for iAs ranged from 3.82 × 10 (T. matsutake) to 8.61 × 10 (A. blazei), indicating no potential carcinogenic risk to the consumers. The order for carcinogenic risk of each edible mushroom species was A. blazei > L. edodes > P. nameko > A. aegirit > A. auricula > B. edulis > T. matsutake.
对2015年至2017年从中国网上超市采集的姬松茸、松茸、滑子菇、茶薪菇、牛肝菌、黑木耳和香菇中的铬（Cr）、总砷（As）、无机砷（iAs）、镉（Cd）、汞（Hg）、甲基汞（MeHg）和铅（Pb）进行了分析。食用蘑菇中5种重金属的平均浓度顺序为As＞Cd＞Cr＞Pb＞Hg。总砷与无机砷之间、总汞与甲基汞之间均未发现正相关。除姬松茸样品外，无机砷含量较低。所有测试蘑菇样品中甲基汞含量均较低。铬、镉和铅污染是测试蘑菇样品中的常见问题。综合因子污染指数在0.569（黑木耳）至3.056（牛肝菌）之间。滑子菇、黑木耳、茶薪菇和香菇样品中5种重金属的THQ值均小于1。姬松茸、松茸和牛肝菌样品对成人和儿童的危害指数（HI）值均大于1，表明对成人和儿童消费者有显著健康危害。无机砷的癌症风险（CR）值范围为3.82×10（松茸）至8.61×10（姬松茸），表明对消费者无潜在致癌风险。各食用蘑菇品种的致癌风险顺序为姬松茸＞香菇＞滑子菇＞茶薪菇＞黑木耳＞牛肝菌＞松茸。
