Department of Botany and Ecology, Faculty of Biology, University of Latvia, Jelgavas Street 1, Riga, 1004, Latvia.
Department of Environmental Science, Faculty of Geography and Earth Sciences, University of Latvia, Jelgavas Street 1, Riga, 1004, Latvia.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2023 Sep;30(41):94361-94370. doi: 10.1007/s11356-023-28922-x. Epub 2023 Aug 2.
In Europe, economic restructuring and technological progress has been aimed at reducing pollution emissions at local, regional and global scales, which has been monitored using standard methods. Among the many methods used to determine deposition of heavy metals, in Europe moss has been used to monitor atmospheric pollution for more than 30 years on a 5-year cycle. This simple method can be used to assess improvement to the environment after massive economic change. Using PCA analysis, this study examines the long-term trends of heavy metal concentrations (Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, V, Zn) in Latvia. There has been a decline in heavy metal concentrations in Latvia related to the closure of large industries after the collapse of the Soviet Union and due to change in fossil fuels in the energy sector from petroleum to natural gas, but past effect from some sources is still evident. Increased quality of automobile fuel led to a decrease of lead concentration, and conversion of fuel source in the energy sector from oil to natural gas caused a decline of V and Ni concentration.
在欧洲，经济结构调整和技术进步旨在减少地方、区域和全球范围内的污染排放，这一点已经通过标准方法进行了监测。在用于确定重金属沉积的众多方法中，欧洲已经使用苔藓来监测大气污染，监测周期为 5 年，已经持续了 30 多年。这种简单的方法可以用于评估大规模经济变革后环境的改善情况。本研究使用主成分分析方法，考察了拉脱维亚重金属浓度（Cr、Cu、Ni、Pb、V、Zn）的长期趋势。自苏联解体后大型工业关闭，以及能源部门从石油向天然气转变导致化石燃料发生变化以来，拉脱维亚的重金属浓度有所下降，但一些来源的过去影响仍然明显。汽车燃料质量的提高导致铅浓度下降，能源部门燃料来源从石油向天然气的转变导致 V 和 Ni 浓度下降。
