From the Department of Orthopedics, Nemours (duPont) Children's Hospital, Delaware Valley (Su), the Rothman Orthopedics, Thomas Jefferson University Hospital, Philadelphia, PA (Johns), and the Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE (Su, and Bansal).
J Am Acad Orthop Surg. 2024 Jan 1;32(1):e1-e12. doi: 10.5435/JAAOS-D-23-00261. Epub 2023 Aug 1.
Martial arts are various systems of combat skills encompassing striking and grappling. Many styles have evolved into modern sports, and some have been included in the Olympics. The physicality of these can predispose practitioners to musculoskeletal injuries, such as anterior cruciate ligament ruptures; patellar, shoulder, or elbow instabilities; extremity fractures; and hand and spine injuries, which have been studied both clinically and biomechanically. The most common injury related to longer time loss from participation is an anterior cruciate ligament rupture. Higher injury incidence is associated with a higher level of experience and competition. Orthopaedic management of martial arts injuries should reflect the specific needs of each martial artist and the biomechanics of motions common to each style. Full-contact practitioners may benefit from broader surgical indications and special attention to the choice and positioning of implants; nonsurgical treatment may be appropriate for certain pediatric or noncontact practitioners. Approximately 60% of martial artists can return to the preinjury level of participation after a major injury. Injury prevention and rehabilitation programs should optimize neuromotor control and core engagement to ensure proper body mechanics. Gradual incorporation of martial arts movement into the postoperative physical therapy curriculum can benefit physical progress and help gain confidence toward full participation.
武术是各种格斗技能系统，包括打击和擒拿。许多武术风格已经发展成为现代运动，其中一些已经被列入奥运会。这些运动的身体特性可能使从业者容易患上肌肉骨骼损伤，如前交叉韧带撕裂；髌股、肩或肘不稳定；四肢骨折；手部和脊柱损伤，这些损伤已经在临床和生物力学方面进行了研究。与参与时间较长相关的最常见的损伤是前交叉韧带撕裂。更高的损伤发生率与更高的经验和竞争水平有关。骨科对武术损伤的管理应反映每个武术运动员的具体需求和每个风格常见运动的生物力学特性。全接触从业者可能受益于更广泛的手术指征和对植入物选择和定位的特别关注；某些儿科或非接触从业者可能适合非手术治疗。大约 60%的武术运动员在重大损伤后可以恢复到受伤前的参与水平。预防和康复计划应优化神经运动控制和核心参与，以确保正确的身体力学。逐渐将武术动作纳入术后物理治疗课程可以促进身体进展，并帮助获得充分参与的信心。
