Zhao Zhihao, Ma Chao, Xu Lingyun, Yu Zhenwei, Wang Dong, Jiang Lei, Jiang Xiangyu, Gao Guangcheng
Research Institute of Frontier Science, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China.
Department of Materials Physics and Chemistry, School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China.
ACS Appl Mater Interfaces. 2023 Aug 16;15(32):38938-38945. doi: 10.1021/acsami.3c06712. Epub 2023 Aug 2.
Polyaniline-based conductive polymers are promising electrochemical sensor materials due to their unique physical and chemical properties, such as good gas absorption, low dielectric loss, and chemical and thermal stabilities. The sensing performance is highly dependent on the structure and dimensions of the polyaniline-based conductive polymers. Although in situ oxidative polymerization combined with the self-assembly process has become one of the main processes for the preparation of flexible polyaniline-based gas sensors, how to prepare polyaniline materials into uniformly arranged microwire arrays is still an urgent problem. In this paper, an in-depth study was conducted on the preparation of polyaniline microwire arrays by combining a wettability interface dewetting process and a liquid-film-induced capillary bridges method. The factors influencing the preparation of polyaniline microwire arrays, including solution concentration, template width, evaporation temperature, and evaporation time, were investigated in detail. The wire formation rates were recorded from the results of SEM images. 100% microwires formation rate can be obtained by using a 1.0 mg mL concentration of polyaniline solution and a 10 μm silicon template at an evaporation temperature of 80 °C for 18 h. The prepared microwire arrays can realize sulfur dioxide sensing at room temperature with a response speed of about 20 s and can detect sulfur dioxide gas as low as 1 ppm. Thus, the liquid-film-induced capillary bridge method shows a new possibility to prepare gas sensor devices for insoluble polymers.
基于聚苯胺的导电聚合物因其独特的物理和化学性质，如良好的气体吸收性、低介电损耗以及化学和热稳定性，而成为很有前景的电化学传感器材料。传感性能高度依赖于基于聚苯胺的导电聚合物的结构和尺寸。尽管原位氧化聚合结合自组装过程已成为制备柔性聚苯胺基气体传感器的主要方法之一，但如何将聚苯胺材料制备成均匀排列的微线阵列仍是一个亟待解决的问题。本文结合润湿性界面去湿过程和液膜诱导毛细桥方法，对聚苯胺微线阵列的制备进行了深入研究。详细研究了影响聚苯胺微线阵列制备的因素，包括溶液浓度、模板宽度、蒸发温度和蒸发时间。通过扫描电子显微镜图像结果记录了成线率。在80℃蒸发温度下，使用浓度为1.0mg/mL的聚苯胺溶液和10μm的硅模板蒸发18h，可获得100%的微线形成率。制备的微线阵列在室温下能够实现对二氧化硫的传感，响应速度约为20s，能够检测低至1ppm的二氧化硫气体。因此，液膜诱导毛细桥方法为制备不溶性聚合物气体传感器器件展现了新的可能性。
