Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Dept. of Soil Science and Soil Protection, Kamýcká 129, CZ-16500 Prague 6, Czech Republic.
Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Dept. of Soil Science and Soil Protection, Kamýcká 129, CZ-16500 Prague 6, Czech Republic.
J Hazard Mater. 2023 Oct 5;459:132143. doi: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.132143. Epub 2023 Jul 26.
The dissipation kinetics and half-lives of selected organic micropollutants, including pharmaceuticals and others, were systematically investigated and compared among different soil types. While some pollutants (e.g., atorvastatin, valsartan, and bisphenol S) disappeared rapidly in all the tested soils, many of them (e.g., telmisartan, memantine, venlafaxine, and azithromycin) remained persistent. Irrespective of the soil characteristics, venlafaxine showed the lowest dissipation kinetics and the longest half-lives (250 to approximately 500 days) among the stable compounds. The highest first and second-order kinetics were, however, recorded for valsartan (k; 0.262 day) and atorvastatin (k; 33.8 g μg day) respectively. Nevertheless, more than 90% (i.e., DT) of all the rapidly dissipated compounds (i.e., atorvastatin, bisphenol S, and valsartan) disappeared from the tested soils within a short timescale (i.e., 5-36 days). Dissipation of pollutants that are more susceptible to microbial degradation (e.g., atorvastatin, bisphenol S, and valsartan) seems to be slower for soils possessing the lowest microbial biomass C (C) and total phospholipid fatty acids (PLFA), which also found statistically significant. Our results revealing the persistence of several organic pollutants in agricultural soils, which might impact the quality of these soils, the groundwater, and eventually on the related biota, is of high environmental significance.
选择的有机微量污染物（包括药品和其他物质）的耗散动力学和半衰期在不同土壤类型中被系统地进行了研究和比较。虽然一些污染物（如阿托伐他汀、缬沙坦和双酚 S）在所有测试的土壤中迅速消失，但其中许多污染物（如替米沙坦、美金刚、文拉法辛和阿奇霉素）仍具有持久性。无论土壤特性如何，文拉法辛在稳定化合物中表现出最低的耗散动力学和最长的半衰期（250 至约 500 天）。然而，具有最高一级和二级动力学的分别是缬沙坦（k；0.262 天）和阿托伐他汀（k；33.8 g μg 天）。尽管如此，在短时间内（即 5-36 天），所有快速耗散化合物（即阿托伐他汀、双酚 S 和缬沙坦）中超过 90%（即 DT）从测试的土壤中消失。对于更易受微生物降解的污染物（如阿托伐他汀、双酚 S 和缬沙坦），在微生物生物量 C（C）和总磷脂脂肪酸（PLFA）最低的土壤中，其耗散似乎较慢，这也发现具有统计学意义。我们的研究结果揭示了一些有机污染物在农业土壤中的持久性，这可能会影响这些土壤的质量、地下水，最终影响相关生物群，具有很高的环境意义。
