State Key Laboratory of Resource Insects, Institute of Apicultural Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100093, China; Development Center of Plant Germplasm Resources, College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 201418, China.
State Key Laboratory of Resource Insects, Institute of Apicultural Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100093, China.
Pestic Biochem Physiol. 2023 Aug;194:105483. doi: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2023.105483. Epub 2023 May 30.
Pesticide pollution is one of the most important factors for global bee declines. Despite many studies have revealed that the most important Chinese indigenous species，Apis cerana, is presenting a high risk on exposure to neonicotinoids, the toxicology information on Apis cerana remain limited. This study was aimed to determine the acute and chronic toxic effects of thiacloprid (IUPAC name: {(2Z)-3-[(6-Chloro-3-pyridinyl)methyl]-1,3-thiazolidin-2-ylidene}cyanamide) on behavioral and physiological performance as well as genome-wide transcriptome in A. cerana. We found the 1/5 LC of thiacloprid significantly impaired learning and memory abilities after both acute and chronic exposure, nevertheless, has no effects on the sucrose responsiveness and phototaxis climbing ability of A. cerana. Moreover, activities of detoxification enzyme P450 monooxygenases and CarE were increased by short-term exposure to thiacloprid, while prolonged exposure caused suppression of CarE activity. Neither acute nor chronic exposure to thiacloprid altered honey bee AChE activities. To further study the potential defense molecular mechanisms in Asian honey bee under pesticide stress, we analyzed the transcriptomes of honeybees in response to thiacloprid stress. The transcriptomic profiles revealed consistent upregulation of immune- and stress-related genes by both acute or chronic treatments. Our results suggest that the chronic exposure to thiacloprid produced greater toxic effects than a single administration to A. cerana. Altogether, our study deepens the understanding of the toxicological characteristic of A. cerana against thiacloprid, and could be used to further investigate the complex molecular mechanisms in Asian honey bee under pesticide stress.
农药污染是全球蜜蜂数量减少的最重要因素之一。尽管许多研究表明，最重要的中国本土物种中华蜜蜂对新烟碱类杀虫剂的暴露风险很高，但中华蜜蜂的毒理学信息仍然有限。本研究旨在确定噻虫啉（IUPAC 名称：{(2Z)-3-[(6-氯-3-吡啶基)甲基]-1,3-噻唑烷-2-亚基}氰酰胺）对中华蜜蜂行为和生理性能以及全基因组转录组的急性和慢性毒性作用。我们发现噻虫啉的 1/5LC 显著损害了急性和慢性暴露后的学习和记忆能力，但对中华蜜蜂的蔗糖反应性和趋光性攀爬能力没有影响。此外，短期暴露于噻虫啉会增加解毒酶 P450 单加氧酶和 CarE 的活性，而长期暴露则会抑制 CarE 的活性。急性或慢性暴露于噻虫啉均不会改变蜜蜂 AChE 的活性。为了进一步研究亚洲蜜蜂在农药胁迫下的潜在防御分子机制，我们分析了蜜蜂对噻虫啉胁迫的转录组。转录组谱显示，急性或慢性处理均一致地上调了与免疫和应激相关的基因。我们的结果表明，与单次给药相比，慢性暴露于噻虫啉对中华蜜蜂产生了更大的毒性作用。总之，我们的研究加深了对中华蜜蜂对噻虫啉的毒理学特征的理解，并可用于进一步研究亚洲蜜蜂在农药胁迫下的复杂分子机制。
