Nieto Nekane, Porte Julien, Saurel Damien, Djuandhi Lisa, Sharma Neeraj, Lopez-Urionabarrenechea Alexander, Palomares Verónica, Rojo Teófilo
Organic and Inorganic Chemistry Department, Science and Technology Faculty, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, P.O. Box 644, 48080, Bilbao, Spain.
Chemical and Environmental Engineering Department, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Plaza Ingeniero Torres Quevedo 1, 48013, Bilbao, Spain.
ChemSusChem. 2023 Dec 7;16(23):e202301053. doi: 10.1002/cssc.202301053. Epub 2023 Sep 7.
Over the last years, hard carbon (HC) has been the most promising anode material for sodium-ion batteries due to its low voltage plateau, low cost and sustainability. In this study, biomass waste (spent coffee grounds, sunflower seed shells and rose stems) was investigated as potential material for hard carbon preparation combining a two-step method consisting of on hydrothermal carbonization (HTC), to remove the inorganic impurities and increase the carbon content, and a subsequent pyrolysis process. The use of HTC as pretreatment prior to pyrolysis improves the specific capacity in all the materials compared to the ones directly pyrolyzed by more than 100 % at high C-rates. The obtained capacity ranging between 210 and 280 mAh g at C/15 is similar to the values reported in literature for biomass-based hard carbons. Overall, HC obtained from sunflower seed shell performs better than that obtained from the other precursors with an initial Coulombic efficiency (ICE) of 76 % and capacities of 120 mAh g during 1000 cycles at C with a high capacity retention of 86-93 %.
在过去几年中，硬碳（HC）因其低电压平台、低成本和可持续性，一直是钠离子电池最具潜力的负极材料。在本研究中，将生物质废料（咖啡渣、向日葵籽壳和玫瑰茎）作为制备硬碳的潜在材料进行了研究，采用了两步法，第一步是水热碳化（HTC），以去除无机杂质并提高碳含量，第二步是随后的热解过程。与直接热解的材料相比，热解前使用HTC作为预处理可使所有材料在高C倍率下的比容量提高100%以上。在C/15下获得的容量在210至280 mAh g之间，与文献中报道的基于生物质的硬碳的值相似。总体而言，由向日葵籽壳制备的硬碳比由其他前驱体制备的硬碳表现更好，初始库仑效率（ICE）为76%，在C倍率下1000次循环期间的容量为120 mAh g，具有86-93%的高容量保持率。
