National Institution for Nutrition and Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China;Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai 200336, China.
National Institution for Nutrition and Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China.
Biomed Environ Sci. 2023 Jul 20;36(7):569-584. doi: 10.3967/bes2023.085.
This study aimed to assess the relationship between the body composition of children aged 3-5 years and breastfeeding status and duration.
The study was conducted using data from the National Nutrition and Health Systematic Survey for children 0-17 years of age in China (CNHSC), a nationwide cross-sectional study. Breastfeeding information and potential confounders were collected using standardized questionnaires administered through face-to-face interviews. The body composition of preschool children was measured using bioelectrical impedance analysis. A multivariate linear regression model was used to assess the relationship between breastfeeding duration and body composition after adjusting for potential confounders.
In total, 2,008 participants were included in the study. Of these, 89.2% were ever breastfed and the median duration of breastfeeding was 12 months (IQR 7-15 months). Among children aged 3 years, the height-for-age -score (HAZ) for the ever breastfed group was lower than that for never breastfed group (0.12 . 0.42, = 0.043). In addition, the weight-for-age -score (WAZ) of the ever breastfed group was lower than that of the never breastfed group (0.31 . 0.65, = 0.026), and the WAZ was lower in children aged 4 years who breastfed between 12 and 23 months than in those who never breastfed. Compared to the formula-fed children, the fat-free mass of breastfed infants was higher for children aged 3 years (12.84 kg . 12.52 kg, = 0.015) and lower for those aged 4 years (14.31 kg . 14.64 kg, = 0.048), but no difference was detected for children aged 5 years (16.40 kg . 16.42 kg, = 0.910) after adjusting for potential confounders. No significant difference was detected in the weight-for-height -score (WHZ), body mass index (BMI)-for-age -score (BAZ), fat-free mass index, and body fat indicators in the ever breastfed and never breastfed groups and among various breastfeeding duration groups for children aged 3-5 years.
No obvious associations were detected between breastfeeding duration, BMI, and fat mass indicators. Future prospective studies should explore the relationship between breastfeeding status and fat-free mass.
本研究旨在评估 3-5 岁儿童的身体成分与母乳喂养状况和持续时间的关系。
本研究使用了中国全国儿童 0-17 岁营养与健康系统调查（CNHSC）的数据，这是一项全国性的横断面研究。通过面对面访谈，使用标准化问卷收集母乳喂养信息和潜在混杂因素。采用生物电阻抗分析法测量学龄前儿童的身体成分。在调整潜在混杂因素后，使用多元线性回归模型评估母乳喂养持续时间与身体成分之间的关系。
本研究共纳入 2008 名参与者。其中，89.2%的儿童曾接受母乳喂养，母乳喂养中位数持续时间为 12 个月（IQR 7-15 个月）。在 3 岁儿童中，曾接受母乳喂养组的身高年龄 - 评分（HAZ）低于从未接受母乳喂养组（0.12. 0.42， = 0.043）。此外，曾接受母乳喂养组的体重年龄 - 评分（WAZ）低于从未接受母乳喂养组（0.31. 0.65， = 0.026），在母乳喂养 12-23 个月的 4 岁儿童中，WAZ 也低于从未母乳喂养的儿童。与配方奶喂养的儿童相比，3 岁儿童的母乳喂养婴儿的去脂体重更高（12.84 公斤. 12.52 公斤， = 0.015），4 岁儿童的去脂体重更低（14.31 公斤. 14.64 公斤， = 0.048），但调整潜在混杂因素后，5 岁儿童的去脂体重无差异（16.40 公斤. 16.42 公斤， = 0.910）。在 3-5 岁的儿童中，曾接受母乳喂养和从未接受母乳喂养的儿童以及不同母乳喂养持续时间组的体重身高 - 评分（WHZ）、体重指数（BMI）- 年龄 - 评分（BAZ）、去脂体重指数和体脂指标均无显著差异。
母乳喂养持续时间与 BMI 和脂肪量指标之间没有明显关联。未来的前瞻性研究应探讨母乳喂养状况与去脂体重之间的关系。
