Moreira Verônica Salazar, Chaves Márcia Lorena Fagundes, de Castilhos Raphael Machado, Olchik Maira Rozenfeld
Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina, Ciências Médicas, Porto Alegre RS, Brazil.
Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Faculdade de Medicina, Departamento de Medicina Interna, Porto Alegre RS, Brazil.
Dement Neuropsychol. 2023 Jul 24;17:e20220092. doi: 10.1590/1980-5764-DN-2022-0092. eCollection 2023.
Difficulties in the feeding process, such as aversive feeding behaviors and dysphagia, are common in patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) and can often overload their caregivers. Although dysphagia is already established as a factor contributing to caregiver burden, the impact of aversive behaviors is less studied.
Evaluate the relationship between the feeding process in individuals with AD and their caregiver's burden.
Dyads of individuals with AD and their caregivers were recruited for a cross-sectional study. The Edinburgh Feeding Evaluation in Dementia (EdFED) scale, the Zarit Burden Interview (ZBI), the mini-mental state examination (MMSE), the Functional Activities Questionnaire (FAQ), and the Functional Oral Intake scale (FOIS) were performed.
We included 60 AD individuals-caregivers dyads. The median (IQR) age of caregivers was 57 (19-81) years, and the most were females (70%). The individuals with AD had a median MMSE of 12 (6-15), and the disease duration was 4 (2-6) years. The mean (SD) Zarit score was 20.95 (6.51). In the multivariate linear regression, the EdFED score (95% CI 0.368-1.465) and time as a caregiver (95% CI 0.133-1.355) were associated with the caregiver's burden.
Aversive behaviors were associated with the caregiver burden of individuals with AD, even with a short duration of the disease. These findings show the importance of education for caregivers regarding the feeding process, as these measures have great potential to minimize the caregiver's burden.
进食过程中的困难，如厌恶性进食行为和吞咽困难，在阿尔茨海默病（AD）患者中很常见，并且常常使他们的照料者不堪重负。尽管吞咽困难已被确认为导致照料者负担的一个因素，但厌恶性行为的影响研究较少。
评估AD患者的进食过程与其照料者负担之间的关系。
招募AD患者及其照料者组成的二元组进行横断面研究。采用痴呆症进食评估爱丁堡量表（EdFED）、扎里特负担访谈量表（ZBI）、简易精神状态检查表（MMSE）、功能活动问卷（FAQ）和功能性经口摄入量量表（FOIS）进行评估。
我们纳入了60个AD患者-照料者二元组。照料者的年龄中位数（四分位间距）为57（19 - 81）岁，大多数为女性（70%）。AD患者的MMSE中位数为12（6 - 15），病程为4（2 - 6）年。扎里特评分的均值（标准差）为20.95（6.51）。在多变量线性回归中，EdFED评分（95%置信区间0.368 - 1.465）和照料者时长（95%置信区间0.133 - 1.355）与照料者负担相关。
即使病程较短，厌恶性行为也与AD患者照料者的负担相关。这些发现表明了针对照料者进行进食过程教育的重要性，因为这些措施极有可能减轻照料者的负担。
