Kunzmann Ute, Nestler Steffen, Lücke Anna J, Katzorreck Martin, Hoppmann Christiane A, Wahl Hans-Werner, Schilling Oliver, Gerstorf Denis
Wilhelm Wundt Institute for Psychology, Lifespan Psychology Lab, University of Leipzig.
Institute for Psychology, Statistics and Psychological Methods Working Unit, University of Munster.
Emotion. 2024 Mar;24(2):316-328. doi: 10.1037/emo0001269. Epub 2023 Aug 3.
The ability to regulate emotions in stressful situations is an important building block for high well-being across the lifespan. Yet, very little is known about how old and very old adults regulate their emotions. In this study, 123 young old adults ( = 67.18, = 0.94) and 47 very old adults ( = 86.70, = 1.46) were prompted 6 times a day for 7 consecutive days to report both their stressors and 10 emotion regulation strategies. Overall, there was little indication of age differences in the use of emotion regulation strategies during exposure to stressors, but very old, as compared with young old, individuals used three of the 10 strategies considered here more intensively. The 10 emotion regulation strategies were similarly effective across age groups based on their association with perceived overall emotion regulation success. We also did not find age group differences in within-strategy variability, defined as the variation in using a given strategy across stressor situations. By contrast, between-strategy variability, defined as the selective use of fewer rather than many strategies across stressor situations, was lower for very old participants. Only between-strategy, and not within-strategy, variability contributed to overall emotion regulation success. There was no age group difference in this regard. Taken together, the evidence suggests small age differences in emotion regulation if at all. This is noteworthy given the advanced age of the very old subsample in this study and the deficits in multiple domains of functioning reported in the literature for this advanced age. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).
在压力情境中调节情绪的能力是一生中高幸福感的重要基石。然而，对于老年人和高龄老人如何调节情绪，我们知之甚少。在本研究中，123名年轻老年人（平均年龄 = 67.18岁，标准差 = 0.94）和47名高龄老人（平均年龄 = 86.70岁，标准差 = 1.46）连续7天每天被提示6次，报告他们的压力源和10种情绪调节策略。总体而言，在面对压力源时使用情绪调节策略方面，几乎没有年龄差异的迹象，但与年轻老年人相比，高龄老人更频繁地使用了这里所考虑的10种策略中的3种。基于与感知到的总体情绪调节成功的关联，这10种情绪调节策略在不同年龄组中同样有效。我们也没有发现年龄组在策略内变异性方面的差异，策略内变异性被定义为在不同压力源情境下使用给定策略的变化。相比之下，策略间变异性，被定义为在不同压力源情境下选择性地使用较少而非多种策略，在高龄参与者中较低。只有策略间变异性，而非策略内变异性，对总体情绪调节成功有贡献。在这方面没有年龄组差异。综上所述，证据表明情绪调节方面的年龄差异很小，如果有的话。鉴于本研究中高龄子样本的高龄以及文献中报道的这个高龄阶段在多个功能领域的缺陷，这一点值得注意。（PsycInfo数据库记录 (c) 2024美国心理学会，保留所有权利）
