Department of Orthopaedics, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China.
Department of Orthopaedics, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China; Country Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Baoding No. 1 Central Hospital, Baoding, China.
Int Immunopharmacol. 2023 Oct;123:110738. doi: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.110738. Epub 2023 Aug 1.
Fracture blister (FB) is a complication of fracture, which damages to the skin integrity and increases the risk of infection. Inflammation plays an important role in the formation and development of FBs, but its specific mechanism is still unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate the patterns and dynamic changes of inflammatory cytokines in fracture blister fluid (FBF) and plasma.
FBF and plasma were collected simultaneously from patients with lower extremity fractures with FBs on the first and fifth day after blisters formation. 92 inflammation-related protein biomarkers were measured in plasma and FBF using Proximity Extension Assay (PEA). We analyzed the cytokine patterns and their dynamic changes in FBF and plasma. Cytokine patterns in plasma from FB patients, fracture without blister patients, and healthy subjects were also analyzed.
The cytokine pattern in FBF and plasma of patients with FBs was different but 11 cytokines were significantly correlated in the two sample types. 23 cytokines were different in plasma across FB patients, fracture without blister patients and healthy subjects. In the analysis of plasma from FB patients and fracture without blister patients, 15 cytokines were significantly different and they may be potential risk factors for the occurrence of FBs. The FBF and plasma showed different cytokine patterns in the early and late stages, with 50 cytokines significantly changed in FBF and 20 cytokines in plasma.
The different cytokine patterns in plasma between FB patients and fracture without blisters patients may be the potential factors for the occurrence of blisters. The cytokine patterns in FBF and plasma showed a dynamic change from the inflammatory stage to the proliferative and repair stage, which indicates that FBs may have new clinical importance in addition to being a soft tissue injury.
骨折水疱（FB）是骨折的一种并发症，它会破坏皮肤完整性，增加感染的风险。炎症在 FB 的形成和发展中起着重要作用，但具体机制尚不清楚。本研究旨在探讨 FB 液（FBF）和血浆中炎症细胞因子的模式和动态变化。
收集了 92 例下肢骨折伴有 FB 的患者的 FBF 和血浆，在水疱形成后的第 1 天和第 5 天分别采集。使用临近延伸分析（PEA）检测血浆和 FBF 中 92 种与炎症相关的蛋白生物标志物。我们分析了 FBF 和血浆中细胞因子的模式及其动态变化。还分析了 FB 患者、无疱骨折患者和健康对照者血浆中的细胞因子模式。
FB 患者的 FBF 和血浆中的细胞因子模式不同，但两种样本类型中有 11 种细胞因子显著相关。FB 患者、无疱骨折患者和健康对照者的血浆中存在 23 种不同的细胞因子。在 FB 患者和无疱骨折患者的血浆分析中，有 15 种细胞因子存在显著差异，它们可能是 FB 发生的潜在危险因素。FBF 和血浆在早期和晚期表现出不同的细胞因子模式，FBF 中有 50 种细胞因子显著改变，血浆中有 20 种细胞因子显著改变。
FB 患者和无疱骨折患者血浆中不同的细胞因子模式可能是水疱发生的潜在因素。FBF 和血浆中的细胞因子模式表现出从炎症阶段到增殖和修复阶段的动态变化，这表明 FB 除了是一种软组织损伤外，可能具有新的临床重要性。
