Głąb Tomasz, Gondek Krzysztof, Marcińska-Mazur Lidia, Jarosz Renata, Mierzwa-Hersztek Monika
Department of Machinery Exploitation, Ergonomics and Production Processes, University of Agriculture in Krakow, ul. Balicka 116B, 31-149, Krakow, Poland.
Department of Agricultural and Environmental Chemistry, University of Agriculture in Krakow, al. Mickiewicza 21, 31-120, Kraków, Poland.
J Environ Manage. 2023 Oct 15;344:118628. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.118628. Epub 2023 Aug 4.
Organic and inorganic soil amendments are used to increase crop yields and fertilizer efficiency, as well as to improve the physical and biological properties of soil, increase carbon sequestration, and restore contaminated and saline soils. The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of various zeolite composites mixed with either lignite or leonardite on the biomass production of spring wheat and rapeseed and their root morphology. A pot experiment involved the application of the following treatments: zeolite-carbon, zeolite-vermiculite composites, both mixed with lignite or leonardite, and a control treatment with no amendments. Inorganic composites were applied in a dose of 3% and 6%. The study also included an analysis of the root morphometric parameters and aboveground biomass of spring wheat and rapeseed. The lowest productivity was observed when both crops were not enriched with fertilizers or other amendments, 24.92 g per pot and 29.83 g per pot for spring wheat and rapeseed, respectively. The application of mineral fertilizers in combination with zeolite-carbon composite gave the highest aboveground biomass of spring wheat, 110.11 g per pot. Both zeolite-carbon and zeolite-vermiculite composites modified the morphological parameters of roots, with the control treatment showing the lowest root length and dry matter. Although mineral fertilization was found to have a positive impact root development in relation to untreated control, the treatment amended with zeolite-carbon composite and leonardite exhibited the highest root length and biomass of spring wheat. No other soil amendments improved the properties of rapeseed roots.
有机和无机土壤改良剂用于提高作物产量和肥料效率，以及改善土壤的物理和生物学特性、增加碳固存并修复受污染和盐碱化土壤。本研究旨在评估各种与褐煤或风化煤混合的沸石复合材料对春小麦和油菜生物量生产及其根系形态的影响。盆栽试验采用了以下处理方法：沸石 - 碳、沸石 - 蛭石复合材料，均与褐煤或风化煤混合，以及不进行改良的对照处理。无机复合材料的施用量为3%和6%。该研究还包括对春小麦和油菜根系形态参数及地上生物量的分析。当两种作物都不施用肥料或其他改良剂时，生产力最低，春小麦和油菜分别为每盆24.92克和每盆29.83克。矿物肥料与沸石 - 碳复合材料结合施用时，春小麦地上生物量最高，为每盆110.11克。沸石 - 碳和沸石 - 蛭石复合材料均改变了根系的形态参数，对照处理的根长度和干物质最低。虽然发现矿物施肥相对于未处理的对照对根系发育有积极影响，但用沸石 - 碳复合材料和风化煤改良的处理春小麦根长度和生物量最高。没有其他土壤改良剂能改善油菜根系的特性。
