University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, School of Nursing, 4007 Carrington Hall, CB # 7460, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
Nurs Clin North Am. 2023 Sep;58(3):271-281. doi: 10.1016/j.cnur.2023.05.011. Epub 2023 Jun 23.
An acute elevation of blood pressure (BP) greater than 180/120 mm Hg associated with target organ damage is considered a hypertensive emergency. Patients with a hypertensive emergency need intravenous medications and close monitoring in the intensive care unit. Whereas an acute elevation of BP greater than 180/120 mm Hg without evidence of target organ damage is a hypertensive urgency. Patients with a hypertensive urgency are treated with oral medications and generally discharged home with outpatient follow-up. Patients with either condition need a thorough evaluation to determine cause of the acute increase in BP and education to optimize the treatment regimen long-term.
血压（BP）急性升高超过 180/120mmHg 并伴有靶器官损伤被认为是高血压急症。高血压急症患者需要在重症监护病房接受静脉药物治疗和密切监测。而血压急性升高超过 180/120mmHg 但没有靶器官损伤证据则是高血压亚急症。高血压亚急症患者需要口服药物治疗，通常在门诊随诊后出院。无论是哪种情况，患者都需要进行全面评估以确定血压急性升高的原因，并进行教育以优化长期治疗方案。
