University of Cincinnati Medical Center, Medical Sciences Building, Room 6102, 231 Albert Sabin Way, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA.
University of Cincinnati Medical Center, Medical Sciences Building, Room 6102, 231 Albert Sabin Way, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA.
Cardiol Clin. 2019 Aug;37(3):275-286. doi: 10.1016/j.ccl.2019.04.003. Epub 2019 May 14.
Approximately 33% of adults in the United States have high blood pressure; approximately 1% will present with a hypertensive emergency. Hypertension emergency is typically defined as a blood pressure great than 180/120 mmHg leading to end organ damage. However, it is important to note that an acute rise in blood pressure may also lead to end organ damage before achieving the blood pressure threshold. Therapeutic intervention should be a short-acting, easily titratable, intravenous antihypertensive medication based on the type of end-organ damage, pharmacokinetics, and comorbidities. This review focuses on presentations and treatment of hypertensive emergency.
大约 33%的美国成年人患有高血压；大约 1%的人会出现高血压急症。高血压急症通常定义为血压大于 180/120mmHg，导致靶器官损伤。然而，需要注意的是，急性血压升高也可能在达到血压阈值之前导致靶器官损伤。治疗干预应根据靶器官损伤类型、药代动力学和合并症，选择起效快、易于滴定的静脉内降压药物。本综述重点介绍高血压急症的表现和治疗。
