Wayne State University, Department of Psychology, Detroit, MI, USA.
Ann Behav Med. 2024 Jan 1;58(1):12-21. doi: 10.1093/abm/kaad043.
To date, research investigating psychosocial correlates of COVID-19 vaccination has been cross-sectional, parochial, and/or reliant upon non-stratified international samples, resulting in difficulty in clarifying the contributions of various vaccination-related influences.
The present study tested a novel integration of prospective and concurrent associations of demographic and dispositional tendencies, intervening illness and preventive beliefs, vaccine intention, illness experiences, and concurrent contextual vaccine-related influences with subsequent COVID-19 vaccination.
The preregistered study used a stratified online U.S. sample (N = 500), with assessments aligned to (a) "15 days to slow the spread" in March 2020, (b) vaccine authorization and major case/mortality surge during December 2020 and January 2021, and (c) the period following full vaccine approval in August 2021 during the third major/case mortality surge during September and October 2021.
Path modeling showed the absence of children in the household and greater education were prospective predictors of vaccination. Trait openness and less conservative political beliefs showed indirect prospective associations with vaccination via stronger intermediating vaccine intention. Contextual vaccine-related influences of vaccine-related information sources, employer mandates, and flu vaccine history also showed direct associations with vaccination. In contrast to expectations, lower conscientiousness showed a direct prospective association with vaccination.
Controlling for interrelations among study variables, the results of the integrative psychosocial model clarified the unique contributions and pathways from antecedent characteristics to vaccination while accounting for vaccine-related contextual influences, providing further direction for refining the timing and content of public health messaging for vaccination.
迄今为止，研究新冠疫苗接种的心理社会相关因素的研究一直是横断面的、地方性的，或者依赖于非分层的国际样本，因此难以澄清各种与疫苗接种相关的影响的贡献。
本研究测试了一个新的整合前瞻性和同期关联的人口统计学和性格倾向、介入性疾病和预防性信念、疫苗接种意愿、疾病经历以及同期的疫苗相关环境影响与随后的 COVID-19 疫苗接种。
这项预先注册的研究使用了分层的美国在线样本（N=500），评估与（a）“15 天减缓传播”（2020 年 3 月）、（b）疫苗授权和 2020 年 12 月至 2021 年 1 月的主要病例/死亡率飙升，以及（c）2021 年 8 月全面批准疫苗后，在 2021 年 9 月和 10 月的第三次主要/病例死亡率飙升期间。
路径建模显示，家中没有孩子和更高的教育程度是前瞻性预测接种疫苗的因素。特质开放性和不太保守的政治信仰通过更强的中间疫苗接种意愿表现出与接种疫苗的间接前瞻性关联。疫苗相关信息来源、雇主授权和流感疫苗接种史等疫苗相关环境影响也与接种疫苗直接相关。与预期相反，较低的尽责性表现出与接种疫苗的直接前瞻性关联。
在控制研究变量之间的相互关系的情况下，综合心理社会模型的结果阐明了从先前特征到接种疫苗的独特贡献和途径，同时考虑了疫苗相关的环境影响，为完善公共卫生信息传递的时间和内容提供了进一步的方向。
