Carbon Neutral Innovation Research Center, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China; Fujian Key Laboratory of Marine Carbon Sequestration, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China.
College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China; State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen 361005, China.
Sci Total Environ. 2023 Nov 25;901:166013. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.166013. Epub 2023 Aug 2.
Microalgae are great candidates for CO sequestration and sustainable production of food, feed, fuels and biochemicals. Light intensity, temperature, carbon supply, and cell physiological state are key factors of photosynthesis, and efficient phototrophic production of microalgal biomass occurs only when all these factors are in their optimal range simultaneously. However, this synergistic state is often not achievable due to the ever-changing environmental factors such as sunlight and temperature, which results in serious waste of sunlight energy and other resources, ultimately leading to high production costs. Most control strategies developed thus far in the bioengineering field actually aim to improve heterotrophic processes, but phototrophic processes face a completely different problem. Hence, an alternative control strategy needs to be developed, and precise microalgal cultivation is a promising strategy in which the production resources are precisely supplied according to the dynamic changes in key factors such as sunlight and temperature. In this work, the development and recent progress of precise microalgal phototrophic cultivation are reviewed. The key environmental and cultivation factors and their dynamic effects on microalgal cultivation are analyzed, including microalgal growth, cultivation costs and energy inputs. Future research for the development of more precise microalgae farming is discussed. This study provides new insight into developing cost-effective and efficient microalgae farming for CO sequestration.
微藻是 CO2 封存和可持续生产食品、饲料、燃料和生物化学物质的理想候选物。光强、温度、碳供应和细胞生理状态是光合作用的关键因素，只有当所有这些因素同时处于最佳范围时，微藻生物量的高效光养生产才会发生。然而，由于阳光和温度等不断变化的环境因素，这种协同状态通常无法实现，这导致严重浪费阳光能源和其他资源，最终导致高生产成本。迄今为止，在生物工程领域开发的大多数控制策略实际上旨在改进异养过程，但光养过程面临着完全不同的问题。因此，需要开发替代的控制策略，而精确的微藻培养是一种很有前途的策略，可以根据阳光和温度等关键因素的动态变化精确供应生产资源。在这项工作中，回顾了精确微藻光养培养的发展和最新进展。分析了关键环境和培养因素及其对微藻培养的动态影响，包括微藻生长、培养成本和能源投入。讨论了未来发展更精确的微藻养殖的研究方向。这项研究为开发用于 CO2 封存的具有成本效益和高效的微藻养殖提供了新的见解。
