坚果摄入与成年人抑郁风险降低有关：来自英国生物库队列的前瞻性分析。

Nut consumption is associated with a lower risk of depression in adults: A prospective analysis with data from the UK Biobank cohort.

机构信息

Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Health and Social Research Center, Cuenca, 16071, Spain; Universidad de la República, Instituto Superior de Educación Física, Rivera, 40000, Uruguay.

Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Health and Social Research Center, Cuenca, 16071, Spain.

出版信息

Clin Nutr. 2023 Sep;42(9):1728-1736. doi: 10.1016/j.clnu.2023.07.020. Epub 2023 Jul 26.

DOI:10.1016/j.clnu.2023.07.020

PMID:37542950

Abstract

BACKGROUND & AIMS: Evidence on the association between nut consumption and depression is mainly based on cross-sectional studies. This study aims to analyse whether nut consumption is prospectively associated with the risk of depression in adults.

METHODS

This study was conducted using the United Kingdom (UK) Biobank resource. Data from middle-aged and older UK adults who participated in this cohort between 2007-2012 (baseline) and 2013-2020 (follow-up) were analysed. Baseline information on nut consumption was obtained with the Oxford WebQ 24-h questionnaire. Depression, defined as a self-reported physician diagnosis of depression or antidepressant use, was assessed at baseline and follow-up. Hazard regression models estimating the predictive ability of nut consumption for the risk of developing depression were adjusted for sociodemographic, lifestyle, and health confounders.

RESULTS

A total of 13,504 participants (mean age 57.5 ± 7.2 years, 50.7% female) free of depression at baseline were included in the analyses. After a mean follow-up of 5.3 ± 2.4 years, 1122 (8.3%) incident cases of depression were identified. Compared with no nut consumption, the daily consumption of >0 to 1 serving of 30 g of nuts was associated with a lower risk of depression (hazard ratio, HR = 0.83; 95% confidence interval, CI: 0.71-0.97) regardless of all potential confounders considered. In stratified analyses, a decreased risk of depression was more clearly observed in UK adults with adequate weight control, a healthy lifestyle, and better health status than in their counterparts (p < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONS

Low-to-moderate nut consumption (>0 to 1 serving of 30 g/day) was associated with a 17% lower risk of depression during a 5.3-year follow-up compared with no nut consumption in a large sample of middle-aged and older UK adults. This protective association is enhanced in the absence of other known risk factors for depression.

摘要

背景与目的

关于坚果摄入与抑郁之间关联的证据主要基于横断面研究。本研究旨在分析坚果摄入与成年人抑郁风险之间是否存在前瞻性关联。

方法

本研究使用英国生物库资源进行。分析了 2007-2012 年（基线）和 2013-2020 年（随访）期间参加该队列的中年及以上英国成年人的数据。基线时使用牛津网络问卷 24 小时问卷获得坚果摄入信息。抑郁的定义为自我报告的医生诊断为抑郁或使用抗抑郁药，在基线和随访时进行评估。调整了社会人口统计学、生活方式和健康混杂因素后，使用风险回归模型估计坚果摄入对发生抑郁风险的预测能力。

结果

共纳入 13504 名基线时无抑郁的参与者（平均年龄 57.5±7.2 岁，50.7%为女性）。平均随访 5.3±2.4 年后，共发现 1122 例（8.3%）新发抑郁病例。与不摄入坚果相比，每日摄入>0 至 1 份 30g 坚果与抑郁风险降低相关（风险比，HR=0.83；95%置信区间，CI：0.71-0.97），无论考虑所有潜在混杂因素如何。在分层分析中，与对照组相比，在体重控制、生活方式健康和健康状况较好的英国成年人中，抑郁风险降低更为明显（p<0.05）。