Division of Pediatric Endocrinology. Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain.
Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia; Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, University Children's Hospital, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
Pharmacol Res. 2023 Sep;195:106882. doi: 10.1016/j.phrs.2023.106882. Epub 2023 Aug 3.
Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is the most frequent form of diabetes in pediatric age, affecting more than 1.5 million people younger than age 20 years worldwide. Early and intensive control of diabetes provides continued protection against both microvascular and macrovascular complications, enhances growth, and ensures normal pubertal development. In the absence of definitive reversal therapy for this disease, achieving and maintaining the recommended glycemic targets is crucial. In the last 30 years, enormous progress has been made using technology to better treat T1D. In spite of this progress, the majority of children, adolescents and young adults do not reach the recommended targets for glycemic control and assume a considerable burden each day. The development of promising new therapeutic advances, such as more physiologic insulin analogues, pioneering diabetes technology including continuous glucose monitoring and closed loop systems as well as new adjuvant drugs, anticipate a new paradigm in T1D management over the next few years. This review presents insights into current management of T1D in youths.
1 型糖尿病（T1D）是儿童时期最常见的糖尿病类型，全球有超过 150 万 20 岁以下的人患有该病。早期和强化的糖尿病控制可以持续预防微血管和大血管并发症，促进生长，并确保正常的青春期发育。由于目前尚无针对这种疾病的明确逆转疗法，因此实现和维持推荐的血糖目标至关重要。在过去的 30 年中，利用技术在更好地治疗 T1D 方面取得了巨大进展。尽管取得了这一进展，但大多数儿童、青少年和年轻人仍未达到血糖控制的推荐目标，并且每天都要承受相当大的负担。有前途的新型治疗进展的出现，如更生理性的胰岛素类似物、开创性的糖尿病技术，包括连续血糖监测和闭环系统以及新的辅助药物，预计在未来几年 T1D 管理将出现新的模式。这篇综述介绍了目前青少年 T1D 的管理方法。
