Santos Lúcia F, Silva Ana S, Mano João F
Department of Chemistry, CICECO-Aveiro Institute of Materials, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, 3810-193, Portugal.
Adv Healthc Mater. 2023 Oct;12(25):e2300605. doi: 10.1002/adhm.202300605. Epub 2023 Aug 13.
The fabrication of biological substitutes to repair, replace, or enhance tissue- and organ-level functions is a long-sought goal of tissue engineering (TE). However, the clinical translation of TE is hindered by several challenges, including the lack of suitable mechanical, chemical, and biological properties in one biomaterial, and the inability to generate large, vascularized tissues with a complex structure of native tissues. Over the past decade, a new generation of "smart" materials has revolutionized the conventional medical field, transforming TE into a more accurate and sophisticated concept. At the vanguard of scientific development, magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) have garnered extensive attention owing to their significant potential in various biomedical applications owing to their inherent properties such as biocompatibility and rapid remote response to magnetic fields. Therefore, to develop functional tissue replacements, magnetic force-based TE (Mag-TE) has emerged as an alternative to conventional TE strategies, allowing for the fabrication and real-time monitoring of tissues engineered in vitro. This review addresses the recent studies on the use of MNPs for TE, emphasizing the in vitro, in vivo, and clinical applications. Future perspectives of Mag-TE in the fields of TE and regenerative medicine are also discussed.
制造用于修复、替换或增强组织和器官水平功能的生物替代品是组织工程（TE）长期追求的目标。然而，TE的临床转化受到若干挑战的阻碍，包括单一生物材料缺乏合适的机械、化学和生物学特性，以及无法生成具有天然组织复杂结构的大型血管化组织。在过去十年中，新一代“智能”材料彻底改变了传统医学领域，将TE转变为一个更精确、更复杂的概念。作为科学发展的先锋，磁性纳米颗粒（MNPs）因其生物相容性和对磁场的快速远程响应等固有特性，在各种生物医学应用中具有巨大潜力，因而受到广泛关注。因此，为了开发功能性组织替代品，基于磁力的组织工程（Mag-TE）已成为传统TE策略的一种替代方案，能够实现体外构建组织的制造和实时监测。本综述阐述了近期关于将MNPs用于TE的研究，重点介绍了其体外、体内及临床应用。还讨论了Mag-TE在TE和再生医学领域的未来前景。
