School of Veterinary Sciences, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand.
School of Veterinary Sciences, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand.
J Equine Vet Sci. 2023 Oct;129:104897. doi: 10.1016/j.jevs.2023.104897. Epub 2023 Aug 6.
The aim of this study was to examine the race-, horse- and jockey-level risk factors for race day fatality in New Zealand Thoroughbred jumps racing using retrospective race day data from the 2011/12 to 2021/22 seasons (n = 8,970 starts). There were 51 race day fatalities resulting in an incidence rate of 5.7 per 1,000 starts (95% C.I. 4.3-7.5). The majority of fatalities were the result of fractures (44/51, 4.9 per 1,000 starts, 95% C.I. 3.7-6.6). Steeplechase and hurdle races had the same incidence of fatal fractures of 4.9 per 1,000 starts (95% C.I. 3.7-6.6, P > .05). Most (70.5%) of the fatal fractures were due to a horse falling during the race. In steeplechase races, horses running in races over 4,201 m were 5.0 times (95% C.I. 1.2-33.0) more likely to sustain a fatal fracture than horses in racing over shorter distances. In hurdle races, horses racing during spring were 2.2 times (95% C.I. 1.0-4.8) more likely to sustain a fatal fracture compared to winter. Due to the low number of suspected cardiac failures and fatal soft tissue injuries, risk factors for these fatalities could not be identified. These data provide a baseline to enable evidence-based regulatory changes and prospectively monitor the effectiveness of changes made.
本研究旨在利用 2011/12 至 2021/22 赛季（n=8970 次起跑）的回顾性比赛日数据，研究新西兰纯血马跳栏比赛中种族、马匹和骑师层面导致比赛日死亡的风险因素。共有 51 例比赛日死亡事件，发病率为每 1000 次起跑 5.7 例（95%CI 4.3-7.5）。大多数死亡事件是由骨折引起的（44/51，每 1000 次起跑 4.9 例，95%CI 3.7-6.6）。障碍赛和障碍赛的致命骨折发病率相同，每 1000 次起跑 4.9 例（95%CI 3.7-6.6，P>.05）。大多数（70.5%）致命骨折是由于马匹在比赛中摔倒造成的。在障碍赛中，跑 4201 米以上比赛的马匹比跑较短距离的马匹更容易发生致命骨折，风险比为 5.0（95%CI 1.2-33.0）。在障碍赛中，春季比赛的马匹比冬季比赛更容易发生致命骨折，风险比为 2.2（95%CI 1.0-4.8）。由于疑似心衰竭和致命软组织损伤的数量较少，因此无法确定这些死亡事件的风险因素。这些数据提供了一个基准，使基于证据的监管变化成为可能，并前瞻性地监测所做变化的有效性。
