Chung Sangwon, Park Jae Ho, Joung Hyojee, Ha Kyungho, Shin Sangah
Personalized Diet Research Group, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju-gun, Jeollabuk-do, Republic of Korea.
Department of Public Health, Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
Front Nutr. 2023 Jul 21;10:1195349. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1195349. eCollection 2023.
Dyslipidemia is a major risk factor for cardiovascular diseases and appropriate intake of amino acids may be helpful for the management of dyslipidemia. However, evidence of an association between amino acid intake and dyslipidemia in Korean adults is limited.
The purpose of this study was to investigate how the incidence of dyslipidemia in Korean adults is associated with the consumption of amino acids, essential and nonessential types, as well as the sources of these amino acids from food.
Data from 35,478 study participants without dyslipidemia at baseline from the Ansan and Ansung Study and the Health Examinee Study were used for the analysis. Dyslipidemia and its components such as hypertriglyceridemia, hypercholesterolemia, hyper-low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterolemia and hypo-high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterolemia were the main outcome in this study. The participants were categorized into quartiles, based on the intake of amino acids and plant-/animal-based proteins.
On average, the follow-up period lasted for 5.7 years. The two major food groups that contributed to one-half of the intake for each type of amino acid were whole grain mixed rice and white rice. Compared to the lowest quartile group, the highest quartile groups of essential amino acid intake [men: hazard ratio (HR) = 0.78; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.63-0.97; for trend = 0.0088; women: HR = 0.86; 95% CI, 0.76-0.99; for trend = 0.0201] and nonessential amino acid intake (men: HR = 0.75; 95% CI, 0.60-0.94; for trend = 0.0069; women: HR = 0.81; 95% CI, 0.71-0.93; for trend = 0.0024) had a decreased risk of dyslipidemia. Plant-based protein intake had a negative association and animal-based protein intake had a nonsignificant association with dyslipidemia after adjustment for energy-adjusted fat intake. Furthermore, the essential and nonessential amino acid intake showed stronger negative associations with dyslipidemia after further adjustment for energy-adjusted fat intake.
To conclude, the intake of amino acids may have a protective effect against dyslipidemia in Korean adults who are aged 40 years or older, regardless of their protein food sources.
血脂异常是心血管疾病的主要危险因素，适当摄入氨基酸可能有助于管理血脂异常。然而，韩国成年人中氨基酸摄入量与血脂异常之间关联的证据有限。
本研究的目的是调查韩国成年人血脂异常的发生率如何与氨基酸（必需和非必需类型）的摄入量以及这些氨基酸的食物来源相关。
使用来自安山和安城研究以及健康体检者研究的35478名基线时无血脂异常的研究参与者的数据进行分析。血脂异常及其组成部分，如高甘油三酯血症、高胆固醇血症、低高密度脂蛋白（HDL）胆固醇血症和低低密度脂蛋白（LDL）胆固醇血症是本研究的主要结局。参与者根据氨基酸和植物性/动物性蛋白质的摄入量分为四分位数。
平均随访期为5.7年。对每种氨基酸摄入量贡献一半的两个主要食物组是全谷物混合米饭和白米饭。与最低四分位数组相比，必需氨基酸摄入量最高的四分位数组[男性：风险比（HR）=0.78；95%置信区间（CI），0.63 - 0.97；趋势检验P值 = 0.0088；女性：HR = 0.86；95%CI，0.76 - 0.99；趋势检验P值 = 0.0201]和非必需氨基酸摄入量（男性：HR = 0.75；95%CI，0.60 - 0.94；趋势检验P值 = 0.0069；女性：HR = 0.81；95%CI，0.71 - 0.93；趋势检验P值 = 0.0024）患血脂异常的风险降低。在调整能量调整后的脂肪摄入量后，植物性蛋白质摄入量与血脂异常呈负相关，动物性蛋白质摄入量与血脂异常无显著关联。此外，在进一步调整能量调整后的脂肪摄入量后，必需和非必需氨基酸摄入量与血脂异常的负相关更强。
总之，对于40岁及以上的韩国成年人，无论其蛋白质食物来源如何，氨基酸的摄入可能对血脂异常具有保护作用。
