Purbarrar Fatemeh, Khani Soghra, Emami Zeydi Amir, Cherati Jamshid Yazdani
Student Research Committee, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.
Department of Reproductive and Midwifery Health, Sexual and Reproductive Health Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.
J Educ Health Promot. 2023 Jun 30;12:183. doi: 10.4103/jehp.jehp_733_22. eCollection 2023.
Domestic violence has a significant effect on women's reproductive, physical, and mental health, and it is a significant threat to everyone's health, so that, it sometimes leads women to commit suicide. Although many of these women will refer to receive medical care due to domestic violence, few of them are identified by health care providers. The present study aimed to review the challenges of screening for domestic violence against women from the perspective of health professionals.
This study is a scoping review. The study was performed in five stages, which include (1) designing the research question, (2) searching and extracting research-related studies in national and international databases such as PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Embase, Magiran, Scientific Information Database (SID), IranDoc and Google Scholar search engine, from inception to March 2021, (3) selecting related studies, (4) scheduling and summarizing data and information, and (5) reporting the results.
Out of 411 articles reviewed, 10 article met our inclusion criteria and were included. According to the results of the studies, barriers of screening for domestic violence can be classified into three areas, which include barriers related to employees (lack of knowledge and training, lack of time to conduct screening, lack of staff confidence, client judgment, and lack of security and comfort for asking related questions and forgetting employees), barriers related to the client and the prevailing culture in the society (tolerating and not reporting domestic violence, fear of spouse due to high power of men in society, fear of losing children and life, and racial and cultural issues) and barriers related to the organization (lack of necessary support from the organization, lack of funding from the organization, lack of protocol).
Considering the high number of barriers of detecting women affected by the domestic violence, this study could be used in program designation, and implementation of effective interventions to remove barriers of domestic violence screening. Health care providers can use the results of this review to prepare educational packages according to their cultural background to improve understanding and women's cooperation in the domestic violence prevention and screening programs.
家庭暴力对女性的生殖、身体和心理健康有重大影响，是对每个人健康的重大威胁，有时甚至会导致女性自杀。尽管许多遭受家庭暴力的女性会因伤就医，但医疗服务提供者很少能识别出她们。本研究旨在从卫生专业人员的角度审视筛查针对女性家庭暴力的挑战。
本研究为范围综述。研究分五个阶段进行，包括：（1）设计研究问题；（2）在PubMed、Scopus、Web of Science、Embase、Magiran、科学信息数据库（SID）、IranDoc和谷歌学术搜索引擎等国内外数据库中检索并提取从创刊至2021年3月的相关研究；（3）选择相关研究；（4）整理和汇总数据及信息；（5）报告结果。
在审查的411篇文章中，10篇符合纳入标准并被纳入。根据研究结果，筛查家庭暴力的障碍可分为三个方面，包括与员工相关的障碍（缺乏知识和培训、缺乏进行筛查的时间、员工缺乏信心、客户评判以及询问相关问题时缺乏安全感和舒适度以及员工遗忘）、与客户及社会主流文化相关的障碍（容忍家庭暴力且不举报、因男性在社会中权力大而惧怕配偶、害怕失去孩子和生命以及种族和文化问题）以及与组织相关的障碍（缺乏组织的必要支持、缺乏组织资金、缺乏方案）。
鉴于检测受家庭暴力影响女性的障碍众多，本研究可用于项目设计以及实施有效干预措施以消除家庭暴力筛查障碍。医疗服务提供者可利用本综述结果，根据其文化背景编写教育包，以增进对家庭暴力预防和筛查项目的理解及女性的合作。
