Profice Christiana Cabicieri, Grenno Fernando Enrique, Fandi Ana Cláudia, Menezes Stela Maria, Seminara Cecília Inés, Cassano Camila Righetto
Department of Philosophy in Human and Social Sciences. Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz, Ilhéus, Brazil.
Graduate Program in Environment and Development, Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz, Ilhéus, Brazil.
Front Psychol. 2023 Jul 21;14:1046405. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1046405. eCollection 2023.
The idea of separation between person and nature, accentuated by current production and consumption models, has generated unthinkable impacts, causing an unprecedented loss and degradation of the global environment. Occupying 13% of the Brazilian territory, the Atlantic Forest is the second-largest tropical rainforest on the American continent; however, it is one of the most threatened biomes in the world, with only 12% of the original cover. In this study, we consider that enabling young people to experience direct contact with nearby natural environments can positively influence their knowledge and feelings about the biodiversity that occurs there, contributing to its protection and conservation for current and future generations. In this study, we explore how teenagers ( = 17) aged between 13 and 17 years old describe and perceive the nearby natural environment before and after an interpretive trail in Una, Bahia, Brazil. Participants were asked to draw the Atlantic Forest with colored pencils on white paper and, based on the drawing, they answered the following questions: "What is in your drawing? and "What is happening in your drawing?," in addition to other information such as the title of the drawing, difficulty of the activity, and sociodemographic aspects. Content analysis was used to analyze the information collected. From the drawings and responses of the participants, categories related to knowledge, experiences, and types of relationships with the visited place emerged. We count the frequency of drawing elements before and after the visit, together with a qualitative analysis of the descriptions of their feelings and meanings attributed to the visit, highlighting the different elements and their relationships. The results showed that, after the trail, the participants manifested bonds of proximity with the visited environment and the organisms protected there, evidencing expressive changes in their perceptions of the person-nature interaction, in the specific knowledge of the visited ecosystem, and in the different forms of relationship provided by the visitation itinerary.
当前的生产和消费模式加剧了人与自然分离的观念，产生了难以想象的影响，导致全球环境遭受前所未有的损失和退化。大西洋森林占据巴西领土的13%，是美洲大陆第二大热带雨林；然而，它是世界上受威胁最严重的生物群落之一，原始覆盖面积仅存12%。在本研究中，我们认为让年轻人直接接触附近的自然环境能够对他们关于当地生物多样性的知识和感受产生积极影响，有助于为当代和后代保护生物多样性。在本研究中，我们探讨了13至17岁的青少年（=17）在巴西巴伊亚州乌纳的一条解说步道前后如何描述和感知附近的自然环境。参与者被要求用彩色铅笔在白纸上绘制大西洋森林，并根据画作回答以下问题：“你的画里有什么？”以及“你的画里发生了什么？”，此外还包括其他信息，如画作标题、活动难度和社会人口统计学方面的信息。采用内容分析法对收集到的信息进行分析。从参与者的画作和回答中，出现了与知识、体验以及与参观地点的关系类型相关的类别。我们统计了参观前后绘画元素的频率，并对他们对参观的感受和赋予参观的意义的描述进行定性分析，突出不同元素及其关系。结果表明，步道活动后，参与者表现出与参观环境以及在那里受到保护的生物之间的亲近联系，证明他们在人与自然互动的认知、对参观生态系统的具体知识以及参观行程所提供的不同关系形式方面发生了显著变化。
