El Gizawy Heba A, Boshra Sylvia A
Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, October 6 University (O6U), October 6 City, Giza 12585, Egypt.
Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, October 6 University (O6U), October 6 City, Giza 12585, Egypt.
ACS Omega. 2023 Jul 21;8(30):27238-27246. doi: 10.1021/acsomega.3c02562. eCollection 2023 Aug 1.
In this study, we investigated the polyphenolic profile of Schltdl. & Cham. by HPLC analysis and we also isolated three compounds from the ethyl acetate leaf extract, which were identified by different spectral data as vitexin 1, luteolin 2, and ferulic acid 3. Moreover, we investigated the three isolated compounds and the plant extract for their therapeutic potential against AlCl exposure-induced neurotoxicity in rats. This investigation aims to determine whether vitexin, luteolin, and ferulic acid in Schltdl. & Cham. extract () have the ability to treat AlCl-induced brain toxicity in rats. Six groups of rats were created: group 1 (normal group), group 2 treated with AlCl, and groups 3, 4, 5, and 6 treated with AlCl with vitexin, luteolin, ferulic acid, and extract, respectively, for 28 days. Neurotoxicity was assessed by measuring plasma IL-8 and IL-33 as well as brain superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione reductase (GSR), B-cell lymphoma-2 (BcL-2), B-cell lymphoma-2 associated-x (Bax), and neurogranin using the ELISA technique and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), miRNA-125b, and miRNA-132 levels using western blot and PCR. HPLC analysis identified major phenolics and flavonoids. Among the phenolics identified, chlorogenic acid was prevalent (2159.14 μg/g), and regarding flavonoids, rutin was prevalent (204.69 μg/g). A significant elevation of IL-8 and IL-33 as well as brain Bax, neurogranin, and JNK levels and of miRNA-125b gene expression levels was observed following AlCl exposure. However, significant depletion of SOD, GSR, BcL-2, total protein, and miRNA-132 gene expression was observed in AlCl-treated rats. Administration of the extract and its isolated compounds significantly increased SOD, GSR, BcL-2, total protein, and miRNA132 gene expression and decreased IL-8 and IL-33 as well as brain Bax, neurogranin, and JNK levels and brain miRNA-125b gene expression compared to AlCl-treated rats. extract and its isolated compounds ameliorated AlCl-induced oxidative stress and neurotoxicity in rats.
在本研究中，我们通过高效液相色谱（HPLC）分析研究了Schltdl. & Cham.的多酚谱，并且我们还从乙酸乙酯叶提取物中分离出了三种化合物，通过不同的光谱数据将其鉴定为牡荆素1、木犀草素2和阿魏酸3。此外，我们研究了这三种分离出的化合物以及植物提取物对氯化铝暴露诱导的大鼠神经毒性的治疗潜力。本研究旨在确定Schltdl. & Cham.提取物中的牡荆素、木犀草素和阿魏酸是否具有治疗大鼠氯化铝诱导的脑毒性的能力。将大鼠分为六组：第1组（正常组），第2组用氯化铝处理，第3、4、5和6组分别用氯化铝与牡荆素、木犀草素、阿魏酸和提取物处理，持续28天。通过使用酶联免疫吸附测定（ELISA）技术测量血浆白细胞介素8（IL - 8）和白细胞介素33（IL - 33）以及脑超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、谷胱甘肽还原酶（GSR）、B细胞淋巴瘤-2（BcL - 2）、B细胞淋巴瘤-2相关X蛋白（Bax）和神经颗粒素，以及使用蛋白质免疫印迹法和聚合酶链反应（PCR）测量c - Jun氨基末端激酶（JNK）、微小RNA - 125b（miRNA - 125b）和微小RNA - 132（miRNA - 132）水平来评估神经毒性。HPLC分析鉴定了主要的酚类和黄酮类化合物。在所鉴定的酚类化合物中，绿原酸含量最高（2159.14μg/g），而在黄酮类化合物中，芦丁含量最高（204.69μg/g）。在氯化铝暴露后，观察到IL - 8和IL - 33以及脑Bax、神经颗粒素和JNK水平以及miRNA - 125b基因表达水平显著升高。然而，在氯化铝处理的大鼠中观察到SOD、GSR、BcL - 2、总蛋白和miRNA - 132基因表达显著降低。与氯化铝处理的大鼠相比，提取物及其分离出的化合物给药显著增加了SOD、GSR、BcL - 2、总蛋白和miRNA132基因表达，并降低了IL - 8和IL - 33以及脑Bax、神经颗粒素和JNK水平以及脑miRNA - 125b基因表达。提取物及其分离出的化合物改善了氯化铝诱导的大鼠氧化应激和神经毒性。
