Resna Riksa Wibawa, Nofiantoro Wahyu, Iskandar Rachmayanti, Ashbahna Dwi Meilina, Susilawati Susi
Department of Gerontology and Community, Program Study of Nursing Profession, School of Health Science Banten, Indonesia.
Nursing Program, School of Health Science Banten, Indonesia.
Belitung Nurs J. 2022 Jun 28;8(3):197-203. doi: 10.33546/bnj.2092. eCollection 2022.
Loneliness is a problem experienced by most older adults due to internal and external factors. This condition may lead to various physical and psychological health problems, including depression, sleep disturbances, stress, and suicidal ideation. Therefore, exploring social environment support to reduce loneliness is a necessity.
This study aimed to identify various kinds of social support to overcome loneliness in older adults.
A scoping review was performed on studies retrieved from Embase, CINAHL, Cochrane, PubMed, and Google Scholar from 2012 until early 2022. Data were analyzed according to Arksey and O'Malley's scoping review guideline.
Ten studies were systematically selected from 2,410 articles. The analysis indicated that the social environment support, including family support (affection, attention, emotional, motivation, and financial support), friends (peer group, partnership, advice, and appreciation), neighbors (work around the house, society involvement, and emergency), and government support (healthcare facilities and community programs), contribute to loneliness in older adults.
The social environment support from families, friends, neighbors, and government may potentially help older adults to reduce their loneliness but need further validation. The variables included in each component also need construct exploration. However, the study findings may serve as basic knowledge for nurses to provide interventions to prevent and reduce loneliness among older adults.
由于内部和外部因素，孤独是大多数老年人面临的一个问题。这种状况可能导致各种身心健康问题，包括抑郁、睡眠障碍、压力和自杀念头。因此，探索社会环境支持以减少孤独是必要的。
本研究旨在确定克服老年人孤独感的各种社会支持。
对2012年至2022年初从Embase、CINAHL、Cochrane、PubMed和谷歌学术搜索中检索到的研究进行了范围综述。根据阿克西和奥马利的范围综述指南对数据进行了分析。
从2410篇文章中系统筛选出10项研究。分析表明，社会环境支持，包括家庭支持（关爱、关注、情感、激励和经济支持）、朋友（同龄人团体、伙伴关系、建议和赞赏）、邻居（家务帮忙、社会参与和紧急情况）以及政府支持（医疗设施和社区项目），对老年人的孤独感有影响。
来自家庭、朋友、邻居和政府的社会环境支持可能有助于老年人减少孤独感，但需要进一步验证。每个组成部分中包含的变量也需要进行结构探索。然而，研究结果可为护士提供预防和减少老年人孤独感的干预措施提供基础知识。
