Liu Fenghan, Wang Pan
School of Modern Posts, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
PeerJ Comput Sci. 2023 Jul 27;9:e1495. doi: 10.7717/peerj-cs.1495. eCollection 2023.
The government does have to record and analyze the travel trajectories of urban residents aiming to effectively control the epidemic during COVID-19. However, these privacy-related data are usually stored in centralized cloud databases, which are prone to be vulnerable to cyber attacks leading to personal trajectory information leakage. In this article, we proposed a novel secure sharing and storing method of personal travel trajectory data based on BC and InterPlanetary File System (IPFS). We adopt the Hyperledger Fabric, the representative of Federated BC framework, combined with the IPFS storage to form a novel mode of querying on-chain and storing off-chain aiming to both achieve the effectiveness of data processing and protect personal privacy-related information. This method firstly solves the efficiency problem of traditional public BC and ensures the security of stored data by storing the ciphertext of complete personal travel trajectory data in decentralized IPFS storage. Secondly, considering the huge amount of information of residents' travel trajectories, the method proposed in this article can obtain the complete information under the chain stored in IPFS by querying the index on the chain, which significantly improves the data processing efficiency of residents' travel trajectories and thus promotes the effective control of the new crown pneumonia epidemic. Finally, the feasibility of the proposed solution is verified through performance evaluation and security analysis.
在新冠疫情期间，政府确实需要记录和分析城市居民的出行轨迹，以有效控制疫情。然而，这些与隐私相关的数据通常存储在集中式云数据库中，容易受到网络攻击，导致个人轨迹信息泄露。在本文中，我们提出了一种基于区块链（BC）和星际文件系统（IPFS）的个人出行轨迹数据安全共享与存储新方法。我们采用联合区块链框架的代表——超级账本织物（Hyperledger Fabric），结合IPFS存储，形成一种链上查询和链下存储的新模式，旨在既实现数据处理的有效性，又保护与个人隐私相关的信息。该方法首先解决了传统公共区块链的效率问题，并通过将完整个人出行轨迹数据的密文存储在去中心化的IPFS存储中，确保存储数据的安全性。其次，考虑到居民出行轨迹信息量大，本文提出的方法可以通过查询链上索引获取存储在IPFS中的链下完整信息，显著提高居民出行轨迹的数据处理效率，从而促进新冠肺炎疫情的有效防控。最后，通过性能评估和安全分析验证了所提解决方案的可行性。
