Larionova Irina, Tashireva Liubov
Laboratory of Translational Cellular and Molecular Biomedicine, National Research Tomsk State University, 36 Lenina Av., Tomsk 634050, Russia.
Laboratory of Molecular Therapy of Cancer, Cancer Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk, Russia.
Ther Adv Med Oncol. 2023 Aug 2;15:17588359231189436. doi: 10.1177/17588359231189436. eCollection 2023.
Recently, the possibility of using immune gene signatures (IGSs) has been considered as a novel prognostic tool for numerous cancer types. State-of-the-art methods of genomic, transcriptomic, and protein analysis have allowed the identification of a number of immune signatures correlated to disease outcome. The major adaptive and innate immune components are the T lymphocytes and macrophages, respectively. Herein, we collected essential data on IGSs consisting of subsets of T cells and tumor-associated macrophages and indicating cancer patient outcomes. We discuss factors that can introduce errors in the recognition of immune cell types and explain why the significance of immune signatures can be interpreted with uncertainty. The unidirectional functions of cell types should be entirely addressed in the signatures constructed by the combination of innate and adaptive immune cells. The state of the antitumor immune response is the key basis for IGSs and should be considered in gene signature construction. We also analyzed immune signatures for the prediction of immunotherapy response. Finally, we attempted to explain the present-day limitations in the use of immune signatures as robust criteria for prognosis.
最近，使用免疫基因特征（IGSs）作为多种癌症类型的新型预后工具的可能性已被考虑。基因组、转录组和蛋白质分析的先进方法使得能够识别一些与疾病预后相关的免疫特征。主要的适应性和先天性免疫成分分别是T淋巴细胞和巨噬细胞。在此，我们收集了关于IGSs的重要数据，这些数据由T细胞亚群和肿瘤相关巨噬细胞组成，并表明癌症患者的预后。我们讨论了可能在免疫细胞类型识别中引入误差的因素，并解释了为什么免疫特征的意义可能存在不确定性。细胞类型的单向功能应在由先天性和适应性免疫细胞组合构建的特征中得到全面解决。抗肿瘤免疫反应的状态是IGSs的关键基础，在基因特征构建中应予以考虑。我们还分析了用于预测免疫治疗反应的免疫特征。最后，我们试图解释目前将免疫特征用作可靠预后标准的局限性。
