Medical Information Center, Kyushu University Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan.
J Prev Med Public Health. 2023 Jul;56(4):348-356. doi: 10.3961/jpmph.23.133. Epub 2023 Jul 3.
We investigated trends in the incidence rate of macrosomia and its association with parental nationalities using Vital Statistics data in Japan.
We used singleton birth data every 5 years from 1995 to 2020. The incidence rate of macrosomia was calculated according to specific attributes (maternal age, infant's sex, parental nationalities, parity, and household occupation) over time (years). In addition, a log-binomial model was used to investigate the relationship between the incidence of macrosomia and the attributes. This study compared Korea, China, the Philippines, Brazil, and other countries with Japan in terms of parental nationalities. "Other countries" indicates countries except for Japan, Korea, China, the Philippines, and Brazil.
The study included 6 180 787 births. The rate of macrosomia in Japan decreased from 1.43% in 1995 to 0.88% in 2020, and the decrease was observed across all parental nationalities. The rates for Japanese parents were the lowest values among parental nationalities during the timespan investigated. Multivariate regression analysis showed that mothers from Korea, China, the Philippines, Brazil, and other countries had a significantly higher risk of macrosomia than those from Japan (risk ratio, 1.91, 2.82, 1.59, 1.74, and 1.64, respectively). Furthermore, fathers from China, the Philippines, Brazil, and other countries had a significantly higher risk of macrosomia than those from Japan (risk ratio, 1.66, 1.38, 1.88, and 3.02, respectively).
The rate of macrosomia decreased from 1995 to 2020 in Japan for parents of all nationalities, and the risk of macrosomia incidence was associated with parental nationality.
本研究利用日本人口动态统计数据，调查巨大儿发生率的趋势及其与父母国籍的关系。
我们使用了 1995 年至 2020 年每 5 年一次的单胎出生数据。根据特定属性（母亲年龄、婴儿性别、父母国籍、产次和家庭职业）随时间（年份）的变化计算巨大儿的发生率。此外，还使用对数二项式模型调查了巨大儿发生率与属性之间的关系。本研究比较了日本与韩国、中国、菲律宾、巴西和其他国家在父母国籍方面的差异。“其他国家”是指除日本、韩国、中国、菲律宾和巴西以外的国家。
本研究共纳入 6180787 例分娩。日本的巨大儿发生率从 1995 年的 1.43%下降到 2020 年的 0.88%，且这种下降趋势在所有父母国籍中均存在。在所研究的时间段内，日本父母的发生率是所有父母国籍中最低的。多变量回归分析显示，来自韩国、中国、菲律宾、巴西和其他国家的母亲发生巨大儿的风险明显高于来自日本的母亲（风险比分别为 1.91、2.82、1.59、1.74 和 1.64）。此外，来自中国、菲律宾、巴西和其他国家的父亲发生巨大儿的风险明显高于来自日本的父亲（风险比分别为 1.66、1.38、1.88 和 3.02）。
1995 年至 2020 年，日本所有国籍父母的巨大儿发生率均呈下降趋势，巨大儿发生率与父母国籍有关。
