Advances in automated techniques to identify complex.

species, particularly those within complex (ACB complex), have emerged as clinically relevant pathogens in hospital environments worldwide. Early and quick detection and identification of infections is challenging, and traditional culture and biochemical methods may not achieve adequate levels of speciation. Moreover, currently available techniques to identify and differentiate closely related species are insufficient. The objective of this review is to recapitulate the current evolution in phenotypic and automated techniques used to identify the ACB complex. Compared with other automated or semiautomated systems of bacterial identification, matrix-assisted laser desorption-ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) demonstrates a high level of species identification and discrimination, including newly discovered species and .