Zhang Manfei, Jin Yingyu, Zhang Hongjia, Wang Qingsen, Chen Jiyue, Zhang Ming, Han Zeli
Department of Stomatology，the Fourth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital，Beijing，100142，China.
Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery，the Fourth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital.
Lin Chuang Er Bi Yan Hou Tou Jing Wai Ke Za Zhi. 2023 Aug;37(8):626-631. doi: 10.13201/j.issn.2096-7993.2023.08.005.
To explore the effects of mouth opening breathing for different reasons on children's maxillofacial development. One hundred and fifty-one children were selected as the research objects of this experiment. They were divided into 49 cases of adenoid hypertrophy group（group A）, 52 cases of tonsillar hypertrophy group（group B） and 50 cases of adenoid with tonsillar hypertrophy group（Group C）. Healthy children in the same period were selected as the control group, a total of 45 cases. The reflex nasopharyngeal measurement parameters, facial development indexes and cephalometric parameters of group A, group B, group C and control group were analyzed, and the incidence of Angle ClassⅡand Angle Class Ⅲ in group A, group B and group C were studied. Compared with the control group, the reflex nasopharyngeal measurement parameters in group A, group B and group C was significantly different（<0.05）, and the cephalometric parameters changed with variation in groups（<0.05）. The incidence of Angle Class Ⅱ facial pattern in group A and group C was higher, but the incidence of Angle Class Ⅲ facial pattern in group B and group C was higher（<0.05）. Adenoid hypertrophy leads to mandibular retraction; tonsil hypertrophy leads to anterior mandibular arch; adenoid hypertrophy and tonsil hypertrophy are easy to lead to clockwise rotation of the mandible. In clinical practice, to avoid children's uncoordinated maxillofacial development, we should correct the maxillofacial situation of children as soon as possible.
探讨不同原因张口呼吸对儿童颌面发育的影响。选取151例儿童作为本实验的研究对象，分为腺样体肥大组49例（A组）、扁桃体肥大组52例（B组）和腺样体合并扁桃体肥大组50例（C组）。选取同期健康儿童作为对照组，共45例。分析A组、B组、C组及对照组的反射性鼻咽测量参数、面部发育指标和头影测量参数，并研究A组、B组和C组安氏Ⅱ类和安氏Ⅲ类的发生率。与对照组相比，A组、B组和C组的反射性鼻咽测量参数有显著差异（<0.05），头影测量参数随组间变化而改变（<0.05）。A组和C组安氏Ⅱ类面型发生率较高，而B组和C组安氏Ⅲ类面型发生率较高（<0.05）。腺样体肥大导致下颌后缩；扁桃体肥大导致下颌弓前突；腺样体肥大合并扁桃体肥大易导致下颌顺时针旋转。在临床实践中，为避免儿童颌面发育不协调，应尽早纠正儿童的颌面情况。
